Fontanari P, Zattara-Hartmann M C, Burnet H, Jammes Y
Laboratorie de Physiopathologie Respiratoire EA2201, Institut Jean Roche, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerrannée, Marseille, France.
Eur Respir J. 1997 Oct;10(10):2250-4. doi: 10.1183/09031936.97.10102250.
The aim of this study was to establish a relationship between bronchial hyperreactivity to carbachol and reflex bronchomotor response to the activation of cold receptors in the nose, and also to examine whether any differences exist between asthmatic patients with or without symptoms of rhinitis. The changes in interrupting resistance (Rint) induced by nasal eupnoeic inhalation of cold (-5 degrees C) dry air were measured in 22 normal subjects and in 18 asthmatic patients (nine of whom had asthma with rhinitis and nine without) with bronchial hyperreactivity to carbachol. In normal individuals, nasal cold air challenge induced a significant increase in Rint (+31%). This was also the case in asthmatic patients (asthma with rhinitis +49%; asthma alone +40%), but the increase was not significantly larger than for normal individuals. The magnitude of Rint increase induced by nasal cold air breathing was correlated with the sensitivity to carbachol (defined as the dose inducing a 50% increase in specific airway conductance (D50)) in asthmatic patients with symptoms of rhinitis. These observations suggest that airway hyperreactivity is associated with enhanced bronchoconstrictor response to the activation of nasal cold receptors, particularly when rhinitis is present.
本研究的目的是建立支气管对卡巴胆碱的高反应性与鼻腔冷感受器激活后反射性支气管运动反应之间的关系，并研究有或没有鼻炎症状的哮喘患者之间是否存在差异。对22名正常受试者和18名对卡巴胆碱有支气管高反应性的哮喘患者（其中9名患有哮喘合并鼻炎，9名无鼻炎），测量经鼻腔平静吸入冷（-5摄氏度）干燥空气引起的气道阻力（Rint）变化。在正常个体中，鼻腔冷空气激发导致Rint显著增加（+31%）。哮喘患者中也是如此（哮喘合并鼻炎患者增加49%；单纯哮喘患者增加40%），但增加幅度并不显著大于正常个体。在有鼻炎症状的哮喘患者中，经鼻腔呼吸冷空气引起的Rint增加幅度与对卡巴胆碱的敏感性（定义为使特定气道传导率增加50%的剂量（D50））相关。这些观察结果表明，气道高反应性与鼻腔冷感受器激活后支气管收缩反应增强有关，尤其是在存在鼻炎时。
