Villano S A, Vlahov D, Nelson K E, Lyles C M, Cohn S, Thomas D L
Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Dec;35(12):3274-7. doi: 10.1128/jcm.35.12.3274-3277.1997.
Between 1988 and 1996, the incidence of and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were studied in a cohort of injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland. By second-generation antibody testing of stored serum samples, 142 participants were found to be susceptible to HCV at the time they entered the study. After a median follow-up of 6.5 years, 43 participants (30.3%) developed antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). The overall incidence was 6.4 cases per 100 person-years, but a substantial decline in the annual incidence rate was observed after the first 2 years (1988 to 1990, 13.4/100 person-years; 1991 to 1996, 2.3/100 person-years [P = 0.0001 for trend]). Participants who acknowledged active drug use, especially those who acknowledged frequent use and sharing of drug paraphernalia, were at increased risk of HCV infection. However, high-risk sexual practices were not associated with HCV seroconversion. Efforts to reduce HCV infection must be focused on curbing drug use and especially on the sharing of needles and drug paraphernalia.
1988年至1996年期间，在马里兰州巴尔的摩市的一组注射吸毒者中研究了丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的发病率及危险因素。通过对储存血清样本进行第二代抗体检测，发现142名参与者在进入研究时对HCV易感。经过6.5年的中位随访，43名参与者（30.3%）产生了抗HCV抗体（抗-HCV）。总体发病率为每100人年6.4例，但在前2年（1988年至1990年，13.4/100人年；1991年至1996年，2.3/100人年[趋势P = 0.0001]）后观察到年发病率大幅下降。承认有吸毒行为的参与者，尤其是那些承认频繁使用和共用吸毒用具的参与者，感染HCV的风险增加。然而，高危性行为与HCV血清转化无关。减少HCV感染的努力必须集中在遏制吸毒行为上，尤其是在共用针头和吸毒用具方面。
