Pasman W J, Westerterp-Plantenga M S, Saris W H
Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1997 Dec;21(12):1143-51. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800528.
To investigate whether supplementation of carbohydrate, chromium, dietary fibre and caffeine is effective for maintenance of weight-loss in the long-term.
A longitudinal, double-blind, randomly assigned intervention study of 16 months with supplementation of either 50g of carbohydrates (CHO), 200 micrograms chromium-picolinate (Cr-Pic), 20g of soluble fibre plus 100 mg caffeine (CHO+) or 50g of plain CHO, for 16 months besides a very low energy diet (VLED) during the first two months.
Thirty-three female obese subjects (age, 34.8 +/- 7.0 y; body weight (BW): 85.5 +/- 10.0 kg; body mass index (BMI) 31.2 +/- 3.7 kg.m-2) participated, 13 subjects were supplemented with CHO+, 11 subjects were supplemented with CHO and 9 subjects served as a control group.
SW, body composition, energy intake and blood parameters were measured before the VLED (0), after the VLED at 2 months (2), and at 4, 10 and 16 months.
The amount and course of relapse of BW was equal for the supplemented and control groups. The average regain at 16 months (the weight gained as a percentage of the total weight loss during the VLED) was 66.1 +/- 81.2%, and was not different between the groups. No differences in body composition were found between the groups at 16 months. The CHO supplements resulted in significantly elevated energy percentage (En %) intake of CHO daily, in both supplemented groups, although this did not result in less regain. Pearson correlation analysis for all subjects revealed that the more fat consumed, the more regain was found at 16 months (r = 0.41, P < 0.05). A high CHO consumption was correlated with less regain (r = -0.40, P = 0.05). Furthermore, chromium intake did not result in significant changes in blood parameters and body composition.
Although additional supplementation of CHO, chromium, dietary fibre and caffeine intake did not affect BW, the En % CHO daily was increased significantly. Our results indicate that a high En% intake of CHO and a low En% intake of fat daily is beneficial for prevention of weight regain.
研究补充碳水化合物、铬、膳食纤维和咖啡因对长期维持体重减轻是否有效。
一项为期16个月的纵向、双盲、随机分配的干预研究，除前两个月采用极低能量饮食（VLED）外，16个月内分别补充50克碳水化合物（CHO）、200微克吡啶甲酸铬（Cr-Pic）、20克可溶性纤维加100毫克咖啡因（CHO+）或50克普通CHO。
33名肥胖女性受试者（年龄34.8±7.0岁；体重（BW）：85.5±10.0千克；体重指数（BMI）31.2±3.7千克·米-2）参与研究，13名受试者补充CHO+，11名受试者补充CHO，9名受试者作为对照组。
在VLED前（0个月）、VLED后2个月（2个月）以及4、10和16个月时测量体重（SW）、身体成分、能量摄入和血液参数。
补充组和对照组体重反弹的数量和过程相同。16个月时的平均体重反弹（反弹体重占VLED期间总减重的百分比）为66.1±81.2%，两组之间无差异。16个月时两组身体成分无差异。在两个补充组中，CHO补充剂均导致每日CHO能量百分比（En%）摄入量显著升高，尽管这并未导致更少的体重反弹。对所有受试者进行的Pearson相关分析显示，脂肪摄入量越多，16个月时体重反弹越多（r = 0.41，P < 0.05）。高CHO摄入量与较少的体重反弹相关（r = -0.40，P = 0.05）。此外，铬摄入量并未导致血液参数和身体成分发生显著变化。
虽然额外补充CHO、铬、膳食纤维和咖啡因摄入量对体重无影响，但每日CHO的En%显著增加。我们的结果表明，每日高En%的CHO摄入量和低En%的脂肪摄入量有利于预防体重反弹。
