Kharchenko N K
Ukr Biokhim Zh (1978). 1997 Mar-Apr;69(2):87-92.
An increase of alcohol dehydrogenase activity is observed in patients with chronic alcoholism at the first stage of the disease under normal indices of activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase, aspartate- and alanine aminotransferase and thymol sample that evidences for the induction of alcohol dehydrogenase synthesis in the liver. At the second stage of alcoholism the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate- and alanine aminotransferase, the index of thymol sample increase while activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase decreases that indicates to organic destructive changes in the liver. At the third stage of alcoholism one can observe the decrease in activity of alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase relative to activity of these enzymes at the second stage, that can evidence for the increase of the possibility of the processes of synthesis of the liver. The correlation of alcohol dehydrogenase activity to that of aldehyde dehydrogenase in the process of formation and development of alcoholism is shifted towards the progressive accumulation of acetaldehyde. Parallel increase of dopamine concentration in blood creates conditions for formation of morphine-like alcaloides--products of condensation of acetaldehide with dopamine.
在慢性酒精中毒患者疾病的第一阶段，在醛脱氢酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和麝香草酚浊度正常指标情况下，观察到酒精脱氢酶活性增加，这证明肝脏中酒精脱氢酶合成被诱导。在酒精中毒的第二阶段，酒精脱氢酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶的活性以及麝香草酚浊度指标升高，而醛脱氢酶活性降低，这表明肝脏发生了器质性破坏变化。在酒精中毒的第三阶段，可以观察到相对于第二阶段这些酶的活性，酒精脱氢酶、醛脱氢酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶的活性降低，这可能证明肝脏合成过程的可能性增加。在酒精中毒形成和发展过程中，酒精脱氢酶活性与醛脱氢酶活性的相关性向乙醛的逐渐积累转变。血液中多巴胺浓度的平行增加为吗啡样生物碱的形成创造了条件，吗啡样生物碱是乙醛与多巴胺缩合的产物。
