Cole L L, Grubb P L, Sauter S L, Swanson N G, Lawless P
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences, Applied Psychology and Ergonomics Branch, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1997 Dec;23(6):450-7. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.268.
The purpose of this study was to investigate work climate factors and structural job aspects as predictors of workplace violence, with particular attention to the relative influence of both sets of factors.
Telephone survey data collected by a large midwestern insurance company were analyzed. Interviewers asked 598 full-time workers about their work climate, structural job aspects, and subject and workplace demographics, all of which were used as predictor variables in regression analyses. The participants were also asked about incidents of threats, harassment, physical attacks, and fear of becoming a victim of workplace violence, all of which were used as outcome measures.
Separate logistic regressions were carried out for each of the outcome measures. The study identified a variety of factors which appear to place workers at risk of nonfatal occupational violence. Work climate variables, such as co-worker support and work group harmony, were predictive of threats, harassment, and fear of becoming a victim of violence. Structural aspects of the job, such as work schedule, were also significant in predicting threats and fear of becoming a victim of violence, but they were not predictive of harassment.
This is the first study which suggests that both work climate and structural aspects of work may be important in promoting workplace violence. This finding suggests that intervention strategies should consider organizational and climate issues in addition to basic security measures.
本研究旨在调查工作氛围因素和工作结构方面作为工作场所暴力预测因素的情况，尤其关注这两组因素的相对影响。
对一家中西部大型保险公司收集的电话调查数据进行分析。访谈者询问了598名全职员工关于他们的工作氛围、工作结构方面以及员工和工作场所的人口统计学信息，所有这些都用作回归分析中的预测变量。参与者还被问及威胁、骚扰、身体攻击事件以及对成为工作场所暴力受害者的恐惧，所有这些都用作结果指标。
对每个结果指标进行了单独的逻辑回归分析。该研究确定了多种似乎使员工面临非致命职业暴力风险的因素。工作氛围变量，如同事支持和工作团队和谐，可预测威胁、骚扰以及对成为暴力受害者的恐惧。工作结构方面，如工作时间表，在预测威胁和对成为暴力受害者的恐惧方面也具有显著性，但对骚扰没有预测作用。
这是第一项表明工作氛围和工作结构方面在促成工作场所暴力方面可能都很重要的研究。这一发现表明，干预策略除了基本的安全措施外，还应考虑组织和氛围问题。
