Rossini A A, Soeldner J S
J Clin Invest. 1976 Apr;57(4):1083-8. doi: 10.1172/JCI108351.
The alpha-glucose anomer produces a greater insulin release than beta-glucose in various animal models. These glucose anomers were dissolved rapidly and administered intravenously to human volunteers at a high dose (0.5 g/kg) over a 3-min period or a low dose (3.5 g) over a 20-s period. Blood samples were obtained at frequent time intervals for measurement of whole blood glucose (ferricyanide), plasma glucose (beta-glucose oxidase) and serum immunoreactive insulin. The high-dose infusion test showed no differences between the anomers of either blood glucose or serum insulin levels. However, at the lower dose, the alpha-glucose anomer stimulated a significantly greater insulin release than did beta-glucose. It is concluded that the alpha-glucose anomer stimulates a greater insulin release than the beta-glucose anomer in human subjects at low but not at high doses intravenously and that this response is not apparently related to approximations of the degree of mutarotation. These results suggest that a steric specific glucose receptor site exists on the beta-cell as a rapid insulin release trigger, although the alpha-anomer does not exclusively produce this stimulation.
在各种动物模型中，α-葡萄糖异头物比β-葡萄糖能产生更大的胰岛素释放。将这些葡萄糖异头物迅速溶解，并以高剂量（0.5 g/kg）在3分钟内或低剂量（3.5 g）在20秒内静脉注射给人类志愿者。在频繁的时间间隔采集血样，以测量全血葡萄糖（铁氰化物法）、血浆葡萄糖（β-葡萄糖氧化酶法）和血清免疫反应性胰岛素。高剂量输注试验显示，两种葡萄糖异头物在血糖或血清胰岛素水平上没有差异。然而，在较低剂量时，α-葡萄糖异头物比β-葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素释放明显更多。得出的结论是，在人类受试者中，静脉注射低剂量而非高剂量时，α-葡萄糖异头物比β-葡萄糖异头物刺激的胰岛素释放更多，并且这种反应显然与变旋程度的近似值无关。这些结果表明，β细胞上存在一个空间特异性葡萄糖受体位点作为快速胰岛素释放的触发因素，尽管α-异头物并非唯一产生这种刺激作用。
