Harvey E M, Miller J M, Wagner L K, Dobson V
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85719, USA.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1997 Nov;81(11):941-8. doi: 10.1136/bjo.81.11.941.
To determine reproducibility and accuracy of the Nikon Retinomax autorefractor when used with children who were made cycloplegic.
Autorefraction and retinoscopy or subjectively refined retinoscopy (where, under the patient's direction, the refraction was varied until the best visual acuity was achieved) were performed on the right eye of 47 children, age 11-93 months. Autorefraction was performed using the Nikon Retinomax, which provides up to eight measured values of refractive error and one representative measurement of refractive error.
Autorefractor measurements were successfully obtained from 7/9 children age 3 years or younger, and from all older children. Vector methods were used to calculate differences. Retinomax reproducibility averaged 0.43 D. Unbiased Retinomax and retinoscopy measurements differed by an average of 0.82 D. Unbiased Retinomax and subjectively refined retinoscopy differed by an average of 1.03 D.
Reproducibility of Retinomax measured values in children is comparable with reproducibility of retinoscopy, subjective refraction, and autorefraction measurements in adults. Agreement between Retinomax and retinoscopy and agreement between Retinomax and subjective refinement in children is comparable with agreement between autorefraction and subjective refraction in adults. The study indicates that the Retinomax is a useful instrument for measuring refractive errors in young children.
确定尼康视网膜验光仪在用于睫状肌麻痹的儿童时的可重复性和准确性。
对47名年龄在11至93个月的儿童的右眼进行自动验光和视网膜检影或主观验光（即在患者指导下改变屈光度直至获得最佳视力）。使用尼康视网膜验光仪进行自动验光，该仪器可提供多达八个屈光不正测量值和一个代表性屈光不正测量值。
成功获得了7/9名3岁及以下儿童以及所有年龄较大儿童的自动验光仪测量值。使用向量方法计算差异。视网膜验光仪的可重复性平均为0.43D。无偏差的视网膜验光仪测量值与视网膜检影测量值平均相差0.82D。无偏差的视网膜验光仪测量值与主观验光测量值平均相差1.03D。
儿童视网膜验光仪测量值的可重复性与成人视网膜检影、主观验光和自动验光测量的可重复性相当。儿童视网膜验光仪与视网膜检影之间的一致性以及视网膜验光仪与主观验光之间的一致性与成人自动验光和主观验光之间的一致性相当。该研究表明，视网膜验光仪是测量幼儿屈光不正的有用仪器。
