Benton D, Parker P Y
Department of Psychology, University of Wales-Swansea, United Kingdom.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Apr;67(4):772S-778S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/67.4.772S.
This article compares the findings of three studies that explored the role of increased blood glucose in improving memory function for subjects who ate breakfast. An initial improvement in memory function for these subjects was found to correlate with blood glucose concentrations. In subsequent studies, morning fasting was found to adversely affect the ability to recall a word list and a story read aloud, as well as recall items while counting backwards. Failure to eat breakfast did not affect performance on an intelligence test. It was concluded that breakfast consumption preferentially influences tasks requiring aspects of memory. In the case of both word list recall and memory while counting backwards, the decline in performance associated with not eating breakfast was reversed by the consumption of a glucose-supplemented drink. Although a morning fast also affected the ability to recall a story read aloud, the glucose drink did not reverse this decline. It appears that breakfast consumption influences cognition via several mechanisms, including an increase in blood glucose.
本文比较了三项研究的结果，这三项研究探讨了血糖升高对吃早餐的受试者改善记忆功能的作用。这些受试者的记忆功能最初得到改善，且发现这与血糖浓度相关。在后续研究中，发现早晨禁食会对回忆单词列表、大声朗读故事以及倒着数数时回忆物品的能力产生不利影响。不吃早餐并未影响智力测试的表现。得出的结论是，吃早餐优先影响需要记忆方面的任务。就单词列表回忆和倒着数数时的记忆而言，不吃早餐导致的表现下降可通过饮用补充葡萄糖的饮料得到逆转。尽管早晨禁食也会影响大声朗读故事的回忆能力，但葡萄糖饮料并不能逆转这种下降。看来，吃早餐通过多种机制影响认知，包括血糖升高。
