Fichera L V, Andreassi J L
Department of Psychology, Baruch College and the Graduate School, City University of New York, NY 10010, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1998 Mar;28(2):143-55. doi: 10.1016/s0167-8760(97)00092-5.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the relationships among Type A behavior, hostility and cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) in women. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure and skin conductance from baseline to task levels were used to assess reactivity. These measures were obtained from 96 women during a seated baseline period, a reaction time task and during an oral IQ quiz. Analyses indicated that Type A and high hostile women were more reactive to an oral IQ quiz and reaction time stressors than Type B and low hostile women. Specifically, Type As showed significantly greater increases in systolic blood pressure in the reaction time task and greater mean arterial pressure and systolic blood pressure increases in the IQ quiz. High hostiles evidenced significantly higher systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the RT task and higher mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the IQ quiz. It was concluded that Type A personality and hostility can predict greater reactivity in women to two different stressors. The oral quiz generated greater reactivity than the RT task and thus may be a more stressful task.
进行了一项实验，以研究女性的A型行为、敌意与心血管反应性（CVR）之间的关系。从基线水平到任务水平的心率、血压和皮肤电导率变化用于评估反应性。这些测量值是在96名女性的坐姿基线期、反应时间任务期间和口头智商测验期间获得的。分析表明，A型和高敌意女性比B型和低敌意女性对口头智商测验和反应时间应激源的反应性更强。具体而言，A型女性在反应时间任务中收缩压显著升高，在智商测验中平均动脉压和收缩压升高幅度更大。高敌意女性在反应时间任务中收缩压和舒张压显著更高，在智商测验中平均动脉压和舒张压更高。研究得出结论，A型人格和敌意可以预测女性对两种不同应激源的更大反应性。口头测验比反应时间任务产生的反应性更强，因此可能是压力更大的任务。
