Ecke P, Hodgson D R, Rose R J
Rural Veterinary Centre, University of Sydney, Camden, Australia.
Vet J. 1998 Mar;155(2):149-59. doi: 10.1016/s1090-0233(98)80010-5.
Sodium, potassium and water balance, and measurements of acid-base status, haematocrit, packed cell volume and plasma total protein, were studied in four adult standardbred geldings following castor oil induced diarrhoea. Castor oil (2 mL kg-1) administration resulted in signs consistent with mild to moderate acute colitis. The total (combined faecal and urinary losses) losses of sodium and potassium ions were 2169 and 2864 mmol, respectively. Faeces constituted the major route for sodium loss, while urine was the major route for potassium loss at all times. Faecal dry matter potassium concentration did not vary significantly at any stage. Faecal dry matter sodium concentration increased significantly, coinciding with the onset of clinical diarrhoea. Faecal water loss increased significantly from 2.15 +/- 0.44 mL kg-1 h-1 to 5.15 +/- 0.92 mL kg-1 h-1 while clinical diarrhoea was observed. While plasma volume (PV) did not vary significantly in this study, there was a trend for PV to decrease while horses were clinically dehydrated.
对四匹成年标准赛马去势雄马在蓖麻油诱发腹泻后进行了钠、钾和水平衡以及酸碱状态、血细胞比容、红细胞压积和血浆总蛋白的测量。给予蓖麻油（2 mL/kg）导致出现与轻度至中度急性结肠炎一致的体征。钠和钾离子的总损失（粪便和尿液损失之和）分别为2169和2864 mmol。粪便始终是钠流失的主要途径，而尿液始终是钾流失的主要途径。粪便干物质中的钾浓度在任何阶段均无显著变化。粪便干物质中的钠浓度显著增加，与临床腹泻的发作同时出现。在观察到临床腹泻时，粪便失水量从2.15±0.44 mL/kg·h-1显著增加至5.15±0.92 mL/kg·h-1。虽然本研究中血浆量（PV）没有显著变化，但在马匹出现临床脱水时，PV有下降趋势。
