Nordin S, Brämerson A, Lidén E, Bende M
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1998 Mar;118(2):226-34. doi: 10.1080/00016489850154946.
The Scandinavian Odor-Identification Test (SOIT) was developed to address the need for a culturally valid odor-identification test for clinical use on the Scandinavian population that (i) has good ability to generalize performance to olfactory status, (ii) assesses olfactory and trigeminal function separately, (iii) requires only limited cognitive demands, (iv) has normative data and good sensitivity and specificity, and (v) is fast, easy to administer and inexpensive. Sixteen odorous test stimuli were selected that were relatively identifiable, familiar, strong in intensity and pleasant according to healthy participants. Four response alternatives were then selected for each test stimulus based on a confusion matrix of identification rates obtained from healthy participants, in a manner that controlled for task difficulty. Results on the SOIT from healthy persons and hyposmic patients showed satisfactory test-retest reliability, split-half reliability and validity. Cut-off scores for olfactory diagnosis (normosmia, hyposmia, anosmia) based on normative data obtained from 171 healthy persons showed a satisfactory sensitivity and specificity of the SOIT. Assessment of 22 anosmic patients with the SOIT revealed that three of the test stimuli were significant trigeminal stimulants.
斯堪的纳维亚气味识别测试（SOIT）的开发是为了满足对一种在文化上有效的气味识别测试的需求，该测试用于对斯堪的纳维亚人群进行临床应用，其具备以下特点：（i）具有将测试表现推广到嗅觉状态的良好能力；（ii）分别评估嗅觉和三叉神经功能；（iii）仅需有限的认知要求；（iv）具有常模数据以及良好的敏感性和特异性；（v）快速、易于实施且成本低廉。根据健康参与者的反馈，选择了16种相对容易识别、熟悉、强度较大且令人愉悦的有气味测试刺激物。然后，根据从健康参与者获得的识别率混淆矩阵，为每个测试刺激物选择了四种反应选项，以控制任务难度。健康人和嗅觉减退患者在SOIT上的结果显示出令人满意的重测信度、分半信度和效度。基于从171名健康人获得的常模数据得出的嗅觉诊断（嗅觉正常、嗅觉减退、嗅觉丧失）的截断分数显示出SOIT令人满意的敏感性和特异性。对22名嗅觉丧失患者进行的SOIT评估显示，其中三种测试刺激物是显著的三叉神经刺激物。
