Dichtl A, Jonas J B, Naumann G O
Department of Ophthalmology, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1998 Mar;82(3):286-9. doi: 10.1136/bjo.82.3.286.
To evaluate histomorphometrically the optic nerve head in highly myopic eyes with absolute secondary angle closure glaucoma.
Optic disc sections of 16 highly myopic eyes with an axial length of more than 26 mm and of 19 eyes with an axial length of less than 26 mm were histomorphometrically evaluated. All eyes had been enucleated due to painful absolute secondary angle closure glaucoma.
In the highly myopic eyes compared with the non-highly myopic eyes, mean optic disc diameter was significantly larger (mean 2.33 (SD 0.55) mm versus 1.77 (0.50) mm; p = 0.01), and the optic cup was significantly shallower (optic cup depth 0.34 (0.29) mm versus 0.63 (0.23) mm; p = 0.03). The peripapillary scleral ring was significantly broader (0.58 (0.65) mm versus 0.08 (0.06) mm; p = 0.001), and the beta zone (0.83 (0.74) mm versus 0.28 (0.25) mm; p = 0.006) of the parapapillary chorioretinal atrophy was significantly larger in the highly myopic eyes.
The results of the present study agree with biomorphometric data of the optic nerve head in highly myopic eyes with glaucoma. In the highly myopic group, a markedly enlarged peripapillary scleral ring characterised by absence of Bruch's membrane and choriocapillaris contributes in addition to alpha and beta zone to the parapapillary atrophy.
通过组织形态计量学评估高度近视眼合并绝对期继发性闭角型青光眼患者的视神经乳头。
对16例眼轴长度超过26mm的高度近视眼和19例眼轴长度小于26mm的非高度近视眼的视盘切片进行组织形态计量学评估。所有眼睛均因疼痛性绝对期继发性闭角型青光眼而被摘除。
与非高度近视眼相比，高度近视眼的平均视盘直径显著更大（分别为2.33（标准差0.55）mm和1.77（0.50）mm；p = 0.01），视杯显著更浅（视杯深度分别为0.34（0.29）mm和0.63（0.23）mm；p = 0.03）。高度近视眼的视乳头周围巩膜环显著更宽（分别为0.58（0.65）mm和0.08（0.06）mm；p = 0.001），视乳头旁脉络膜视网膜萎缩的β区显著更大（分别为0.83（0.74）mm和0.28（0.25）mm；p = 0.006）。
本研究结果与高度近视眼合并青光眼患者视神经乳头的生物形态计量学数据一致。在高度近视眼组中，除α区和β区外，以无布鲁赫膜和脉络膜毛细血管为特征的视乳头周围巩膜环明显扩大，也是视乳头旁萎缩的原因之一。
