Spee-van der Wekke J, Hirasing R A, Meulmeester J F, Radder J J
TNO Prevention and Health, Department of Child Health, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Urology. 1998 Jun;51(6):1022-6. doi: 10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00106-x.
To assess the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in school children aged 5 to 15 years, and to investigate the association of bedwetting with ethnicity, the educational level of the parents, and the type of education (mainstream or special) received by the child.
Data were obtained for 5360 children in mainstream education and 2571 children in special education. The data were weighted to calculate estimates representative of the Dutch population. Nocturnal enuresis was examined in children 5 or 6 years of age who wet their bed at least twice in the 4 weeks previous to questioning, and in children 7 years of age and older who did so at least once in the previous 4 weeks.
The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis was 6%; 15% in the 5 to 6-year-age group and 1% in the 13 to 15-year age group. Marked enuresis (at least twice a week) was reported in 4%. Nocturnal enuresis was more common in Turkish/Moroccan (14%) than in Dutch children (6%). The educational level of the parents was not significantly related to nocturnal enuresis. Children in special education more frequently reported nocturnal enuresis than children in mainstream education (14% and 6%, respectively). This was especially true for children in schools for the mentally retarded as compared to children in mainstream education ¿odds ratio [OR] in boys 3.21 (99% confidence interval [CI] 2.26 to 4.55) and OR in girls 4.25 [99% CI 2.61 to 6.92]¿.
Nocturnal enuresis occurs most frequently among mentally retarded children. Children attending special education schools for reasons other than mental retardation are also at a higher risk of experiencing nocturnal enuresis than children attending mainstream education schools. Nocturnal enuresis is more prevalent in Turkish/Moroccan children than in Dutch children.
评估5至15岁学龄儿童夜间遗尿症的患病率，并调查尿床与种族、父母教育水平以及儿童接受的教育类型（主流教育或特殊教育）之间的关联。
获取了5360名接受主流教育儿童和2571名接受特殊教育儿童的数据。对数据进行加权计算，以得出代表荷兰人口的估计值。对在询问前4周内至少尿床两次的5或6岁儿童，以及7岁及以上在之前4周内至少尿床一次的儿童进行夜间遗尿症检查。
夜间遗尿症的患病率为6%；5至6岁年龄组为15%，13至15岁年龄组为1%。4%的儿童报告有严重遗尿症（每周至少两次）。土耳其/摩洛哥儿童（14%）的夜间遗尿症比荷兰儿童（6%）更常见。父母的教育水平与夜间遗尿症无显著关联。接受特殊教育的儿童比接受主流教育的儿童更频繁地报告夜间遗尿症（分别为14%和6%）。与主流教育中的儿童相比，智障学校的儿童尤其如此——男孩的优势比[OR]为3.21（99%置信区间[CI]为2.26至4.55），女孩的OR为4.25[99%CI为2.61至6.92]。
夜间遗尿症在智障儿童中最为常见。因智力发育迟缓以外的原因就读特殊教育学校的儿童，比就读主流教育学校的儿童患夜间遗尿症的风险也更高。夜间遗尿症在土耳其/摩洛哥儿童中比在荷兰儿童中更普遍。
