Campos L, Alonso-Quecuty M L
Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Memory. 1998 Jan;6(1):103-12. doi: 10.1080/741941602.
Since the Cognitive Interview (CI) was devised under laboratory conditions (Geiselman, Fisher, MacKinnon, & Holland, 1985), researchers have performed many experiments where a variety of variables and conditions have been reported. Nevertheless, few studies have attempted to delve into the theoretical aspects on which the CI is based. A variable that might help us to improve our understanding of why the CI works is prior knowledge of the crime context. Some studies have included familiar contexts and others unfamiliar ones, but no study has been performed to test the effect of the familiarity of the crime context as an independent variable. The aim of this research is to study the effect of prior knowledge on subjects' memory when they are interviewed by means of the CI in contrast to a Spanish Standard Interview (SSI). A significant effect of prior knowledge that subjects had of the context where the crime took place was expected, especially for those subjects who were interviewed by means of the CI. Results confirmed this hypothesis.
自认知访谈（CI）在实验室条件下被设计出来（盖泽尔曼、费舍尔、麦金农和霍兰德，1985年）以来，研究人员进行了许多实验，报告了各种变量和条件。然而，很少有研究试图深入探究CI所基于的理论方面。一个可能有助于我们更好地理解CI为何有效的变量是对犯罪背景的先验知识。一些研究纳入了熟悉的背景，另一些则是不熟悉的背景，但尚未进行研究来测试犯罪背景熟悉度作为一个独立变量的影响。本研究的目的是研究与西班牙标准访谈（SSI）相比，当通过CI对受试者进行访谈时，先验知识对受试者记忆的影响。预计受试者对犯罪发生背景的先验知识会产生显著影响，尤其是对于那些通过CI进行访谈的受试者。结果证实了这一假设。
