Lord R V, Law M G, Ward R L, Giles G G, Thomas R J, Thursfield V
Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998 Apr;13(4):356-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00646.x.
Adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus and of the gastric cardia have been reported to be increasing in incidence in many countries, while the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus is stable and non-cardia gastric cancers are decreasing in incidence. Age-standardized incidence rates for the years 1982-1993 for oesophageal adenocarcinoma and non-adenocarcinoma, and gastric cardia and non-cardia cancers were calculated based on state cancer registry incidence data. Time trends in the age-standardized rates were assessed using linear regression. A consistent increasing trend in the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in men was seen in all states of Australia and was statistically significant in all states except South Australia. There were no consistent nationwide trends in the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in women, although a trend towards an increase in the incidence of this cancer reached statistical significance (P < 0.05) in three states (New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland). There were no important trends in the incidence of oesophageal non-adenocarcinoma in either men or women. There were no consistent nationwide changes in the incidence of gastric cardia cancer in either men or women, although this cancer was significantly increasing in Tasmania in both men and women. The incidence of cancer of the stomach not arising at the gastric cardia was significantly decreasing in men in all states and was also decreasing in women in all states, although in women this decrease was statistically significant only in New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia. There has been a dramatic increase in the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in men in Australia. The incidence of this cancer in men is now approximately equal with that of non-adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. The incidence of non-cardia stomach cancer continues to fall.
据报道，在许多国家，食管腺癌和贲门腺癌的发病率呈上升趋势，而食管癌鳞状细胞癌的发病率保持稳定，非贲门胃癌的发病率则在下降。根据各州癌症登记处的发病率数据，计算了1982 - 1993年食管腺癌和非腺癌、贲门癌和非贲门癌的年龄标准化发病率。使用线性回归评估年龄标准化发病率的时间趋势。在澳大利亚所有州，男性食管腺癌的发病率均呈现出持续上升趋势，除南澳大利亚州外，在其他所有州均具有统计学意义。女性食管腺癌的发病率在全国范围内没有一致的趋势，不过在三个州（新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、昆士兰州），这种癌症发病率上升的趋势达到了统计学意义（P < 0.05）。男性和女性食管非腺癌的发病率均无重要趋势。男性和女性贲门癌的发病率在全国范围内没有一致的变化，尽管在塔斯马尼亚州，男性和女性的这种癌症发病率均显著上升。在所有州，非贲门部胃癌的发病率在男性中显著下降，在女性中也呈下降趋势，不过在女性中，这种下降仅在新南威尔士州、维多利亚州和西澳大利亚州具有统计学意义。澳大利亚男性食管腺癌的发病率急剧上升。目前，男性这种癌症的发病率与食管非腺癌的发病率大致相当。非贲门胃癌的发病率持续下降。
