Rijke R P, Hanson W R, Plaisier H M, Osborne J W
Gastroenterology. 1976 Nov;71(5):786-92.
In recent years the hypothesis that the number of villus cells regulates crypt cell proliferation in the epithelium of the small intestine has been brought forward by a number of investigators. To test this hypothesis, the villus cell population was reduced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery and vein in rats for 1 hr and the effects on the intestinal epithelium were studied during the first 24 hr. It was shown that temporary interruption of the blood flow to the small intestine led to a marked decrease in the number of functional villus cells within 2 hr; preferentially, cells from the upper part of the villus were lost and the number of crypt cells was not affected. This reduction in the number of villus cells led to an increase in the percentage of labeled crypt cells after pulse labeling with [3H]thymidine, and an expansion of the proliferative cell compartment in the crypt. After a peak of proliferative activity at 16 hr, the investigated crypt cell kinetic parameters approached control values after 24 hr, as did the number of villus cells. The enzyme activities of nonspecific esterase and neutral alpha-glucosidase showed marked decreases in isolated crypt and villus cell compartments as crypt cell proliferation increased. These data support the view that the feedback control of crypt cell proliferation by the functional villus cells, and confirm earlier data on the influence of changing cell kinetics on crypt cell maturation. Additional data which were obtained after creating temporary ischemia in part of the small intestine support the hypothesis of a feedback control of crypt cell proliferation by the functional villus cells, and confirm earlier data on the influence of changing cell kinetics on crypt cell maturation. Additional data which were obtained after creating temporary ischemia in part of the small intestine support the view that the feedback control of proliferation by the villus cells is a local control mechanism.
近年来，许多研究者提出了关于绒毛细胞数量调节小肠上皮隐窝细胞增殖的假说。为了验证这一假说，通过夹闭大鼠肠系膜上动脉和静脉1小时来减少绒毛细胞数量，并在最初的24小时内研究其对肠上皮的影响。结果显示，小肠血流的暂时中断导致2小时内功能性绒毛细胞数量显著减少；优先丢失的是绒毛上部的细胞，而隐窝细胞数量未受影响。绒毛细胞数量的减少导致用[3H]胸腺嘧啶脉冲标记后标记隐窝细胞的百分比增加，以及隐窝中增殖细胞区室的扩大。在16小时达到增殖活性峰值后，所研究的隐窝细胞动力学参数在24小时后接近对照值，绒毛细胞数量也是如此。随着隐窝细胞增殖增加，分离的隐窝和绒毛细胞区室中的非特异性酯酶和中性α - 葡萄糖苷酶的酶活性显著降低。这些数据支持功能性绒毛细胞对隐窝细胞增殖进行反馈控制的观点，并证实了早期关于细胞动力学变化对隐窝细胞成熟影响的数据。在部分小肠造成暂时缺血后获得的其他数据支持功能性绒毛细胞对隐窝细胞增殖进行反馈控制的假说，并证实了早期关于细胞动力学变化对隐窝细胞成熟影响的数据。在部分小肠造成暂时缺血后获得的其他数据支持绒毛细胞对增殖的反馈控制是一种局部控制机制的观点。
