Zahl P H, Aalen O O
Section of Medical Statistics, University of Oslo.
Lifetime Data Anal. 1998;4(2):149-68. doi: 10.1023/a:1009633523532.
Survival curves may be adjusted for covariates using Aalen's additive risk model. Survival curves may be compared by taking the ratio of two adjusted survival curves; the ratio is denoted the generalized relative survival rate. Adjusting both survival curves for all but one of a common set of covariates gives the partial relative survival rate, which measures the covariate-specific contribution to the generalized relative survival rate. The generalized and partial relative survival rates have interpretations similar to the traditional relative survival rates frequently used in cancer epidemiology. In fact, the traditional relative survival rate can be generalized to a regression context using the additive risk model. This population-adjusted relative survival rate is an alternative and useful method for removing confounding effects of age, cohorts, and sex. The authors use a data set of malignant melanoma patients diagnosed from 1965 to 1974 in Norway. The 25-year survival of 1967 individuals is studied.
生存曲线可使用阿伦累加风险模型对协变量进行调整。可通过计算两条调整后的生存曲线的比值来比较生存曲线；该比值被称为广义相对生存率。除了一组共同协变量中的一个之外，对两条生存曲线针对所有其他协变量进行调整，得到部分相对生存率，它衡量了特定协变量对广义相对生存率的贡献。广义和部分相对生存率的解释与癌症流行病学中常用的传统相对生存率类似。事实上，传统相对生存率可使用累加风险模型推广到回归背景中。这种经人群调整的相对生存率是一种去除年龄、队列和性别混杂效应的替代且有用的方法。作者使用了一组1965年至1974年在挪威诊断出的恶性黑色素瘤患者的数据集。对1967名个体的25年生存率进行了研究。
