Howlin P
St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1998 Mar;39(3):307-22.
The review discusses various interventions that have been used in the treatment of children with autism. It concludes that no single mode of treatment is ever likely to be effective for all children and all families. Instead, intervention will need to be adapted to individual needs and the value of approaches that involve a functional analysis of problems is explored. It is suggested that many so called "challenging" behaviours result from the child's fundamental difficulties in communication and social understanding, or from the ritualistic and obsessional tendencies that are also characteristic of autism. Possible ways in which parents and teachers might deal with problems in these areas are discussed. The importance of early diagnosis, and with it early, practical advice for families is stressed.
该综述讨论了用于治疗自闭症儿童的各种干预措施。结论是，没有一种单一的治疗方式可能对所有儿童和所有家庭都有效。相反，干预措施需要根据个体需求进行调整，并探讨了涉及对问题进行功能分析的方法的价值。研究表明，许多所谓的“具有挑战性的”行为是由儿童在沟通和社会理解方面的根本困难，或者由自闭症所特有的仪式化和强迫倾向导致的。文中讨论了家长和教师在这些领域处理问题的可能方式。强调了早期诊断的重要性，以及随之而来的对家庭的早期实用建议。
