Oksanen P J
Finnair Medical Department, Helsinki, Finland.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1998 Jul;69(7):621-5.
Individual annual cosmic radiation doses for fulltime airline crewmembers were calculated for 12 consecutive months using data from flight profiles and previously reported cosmic radiation intensity measurements at various altitudes.
Every flight of each crewmember was analyzed using block time and aircraft flight profiles. Actual flight time at various flight levels was first calculated, then cumulative total body radiation doses were calculated for each flight phase and altitude.
Cabin crewmembers averaged 673 block hours (range 906-273 h) and pilots 568 block hours (range 833-168 h). Average annual cosmic ray dose for cabin crews was 2.27 mSv x a(-1) (range between 3.1 - 0.72 mSv x a(-1)). Long-distance MD11 flight captains received the highest annual doses of 2.19 mSv x a(-1) (2.83 - 1.08 mSv x a(-1)). M.D.80 pilots who also fly long high-altitude sectors in Europe received 1.94 mSv x a(-1) (2.37 - 1.12) and other aircraft type cockpit crews averaged between 1.49 - 1.26 mSv x a(-1).
The calculated individual doses reflect the type of aircraft flown and the amount of flight time. The calculated doses are lower than those received by simply assuming constant radiation exposure at all altitudes during flight. Annual individual doses are well below the maximum 5 mSv x a(-1) allowed by the national laws.
利用飞行剖面数据和先前报道的不同高度的宇宙辐射强度测量值，连续12个月计算了全职机组人员的个人年度宇宙辐射剂量。
使用飞行段时间和飞机飞行剖面分析每个机组人员的每次飞行。首先计算不同飞行高度的实际飞行时间，然后计算每个飞行阶段和高度的累积全身辐射剂量。
客舱机组人员平均飞行段时间为673小时（范围906 - 273小时），飞行员为568小时（范围833 - 168小时）。客舱机组人员的年平均宇宙射线剂量为2.27 mSv·a⁻¹（范围在3.1 - 0.72 mSv·a⁻¹之间）。长途MD11航班机长的年剂量最高，为2.19 mSv·a⁻¹（2.83 - 1.08 mSv·a⁻¹）。在欧洲也执飞长距离高空航段的MD - 80型飞机飞行员的年剂量为1.94 mSv·a⁻¹（2.37 - 1.12），其他机型驾驶舱机组人员的年剂量平均在1.49 - 1.26 mSv·a⁻¹之间。
计算出的个人剂量反映了所驾驶飞机的类型和飞行时间。计算出的剂量低于简单假设飞行过程中所有高度辐射暴露恒定所得到的剂量。年度个人剂量远低于国家法律允许的最大5 mSv·a⁻¹。
