一组美国商业航空公司飞行员的死亡率。
Mortality among a cohort of U.S. commercial airline cockpit crew.
作者信息
Yong Lee C, Pinkerton Lynne E, Yiin James H, Anderson Jeri L, Deddens James A
机构信息
Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, Cincinnati, Ohio.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2014 Aug;57(8):906-14. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22318. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
BACKGROUND
We evaluated mortality among 5,964 former U.S. commercial cockpit crew (pilots and flight engineers). The outcomes of a priori interest were non-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, central nervous system (CNS) cancer (including brain), and malignant melanoma.
METHODS
Vital status was ascertained through 2008. Life table and Cox regression analyses were conducted. Cumulative exposure to cosmic radiation was estimated from work history data.
RESULTS
Compared to the U.S. general population, mortality from all causes, all cancer, and cardiovascular diseases was decreased, but mortality from aircraft accidents was highly elevated. Mortality was elevated for malignant melanoma but not for non-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CNS cancer mortality increased with an increase in cumulative radiation dose.
CONCLUSIONS
Cockpit crew had a low all-cause, all-cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality but elevated aircraft accident mortality. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of CNS and other radiation-associated cancers in relation to cosmic radiation and other workplace exposures.
背景
我们评估了5964名美国前商业客机机组人员（飞行员和飞行工程师）的死亡率。预先感兴趣的结果是非慢性淋巴细胞白血病、中枢神经系统（CNS）癌症（包括脑癌）和恶性黑色素瘤。
方法
通过2008年确定生命状态。进行了生命表和Cox回归分析。根据工作经历数据估算宇宙辐射的累积暴露量。
结果
与美国普通人群相比，所有原因、所有癌症和心血管疾病的死亡率均有所下降，但飞机事故死亡率大幅升高。恶性黑色素瘤的死亡率升高，但非慢性淋巴细胞白血病的死亡率未升高。CNS癌症死亡率随累积辐射剂量的增加而增加。
结论
客机机组人员的全因、全癌和心血管疾病死亡率较低，但飞机事故死亡率较高。需要进一步研究以阐明与宇宙辐射和其他工作场所暴露相关的CNS及其他辐射相关癌症的风险。
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