Furukawa T, Yamada A, Tabuse H, Kawai K, Takahashi K, Nakanishi M, Hamanaka T
Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;248(2):64-9. doi: 10.1007/s004060050019.
The present paper examines Typus melancholicus (TM), which is widely accepted as premorbid personality of depression in Germany and Japan, from the view-point of the five-factor model of personality, which has recently been gaining international popularity as the comprehensive model of personality traits. Two measures of TM, von Zerssen's F-list and Kasahara's scale, as well as the personality questionnaire for the five-factor model, NEO Five Factor Inventory, were completed for 140 consecutive psychiatric outpatients by their close relatives. It was found that (a) the two measures of TM had good internal consistency reliability, (b) they had reasonable concurrent validity, and (c) TM was characterized by high Conscientiousness, high Agreeableness and, to a lesser degree, high Extraversion. The results were largely in agreement with theoretical prediction and provide further support to the construct validity of the TM measures. Whether combining the three personality traits into one type is meaningful in depicting a particular premorbid personality constellation awaits further empirical examination.
本文从人格五因素模型的角度，对在德国和日本被广泛认为是抑郁症病前人格的抑郁型人格（TM）进行了研究。人格五因素模型作为一种全面的人格特质模型，最近在国际上越来越受欢迎。140名连续的精神科门诊患者的近亲完成了两种测量抑郁型人格的量表，即冯·泽森的F量表和笠原量表，以及五因素模型的人格问卷——大五人格量表（NEO）。研究发现：（a）两种测量抑郁型人格的量表具有良好的内部一致性信度；（b）它们具有合理的同时效度；（c）抑郁型人格的特征是高尽责性、高宜人性，以及在较小程度上的高外向性。研究结果在很大程度上与理论预测一致，并为抑郁型人格量表的结构效度提供了进一步的支持。将这三种人格特质合并为一种类型，对于描绘特定的病前人格组合是否有意义，还有待进一步的实证检验。
