White F C, Bloor C M, McKirnan M D, Carroll S M
University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093-0612, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998 Sep;85(3):1160-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1998.85.3.1160.
Exercise training induces coronary vascular adaptations. The goal of this study was to contrast the effects of training on capillary and arteriolar growth. Minipigs were trained for 1, 3, 8, and 16 wk and compared with controls. Maximal O2 consumption increased continuously throughout the study. Capillary and arteriolar densities and diameters, and proliferation of vascular cells in these vessels, were determined in perfusion-fixed tissue. The arterioles were subdivided into five groups according to diameter: 10-19.9, 20-30, 31-40, 41-70, and 71-120 microgram. The total vascular bed cross-sectional area increased by 37% at 16 wk, mainly because of an increase in the number of the small arterioles and an increase in the diameter of the larger vessels. Capillary density increased at 3 wk and then returned to control levels by 16 wk; concomitantly, the number of arterioles (20-30 microgram) increased at 16 wk. We speculate that the "extra" capillaries observed at 3 wk were the source of the new arterioles.
运动训练可诱导冠状动脉血管适应性变化。本研究的目的是对比训练对毛细血管和小动脉生长的影响。将小型猪分别训练1、3、8和16周，并与对照组进行比较。在整个研究过程中，最大耗氧量持续增加。在灌注固定的组织中测定毛细血管和小动脉的密度、直径以及这些血管中血管细胞的增殖情况。根据直径将小动脉分为五组：10 - 19.9、20 - 30、31 - 40、41 - 70和71 - 120微米。16周时，总血管床横截面积增加了37%，主要是由于小动脉数量增加以及较大血管直径增大。毛细血管密度在3周时增加，然后到16周时恢复至对照水平；与此同时，小动脉（20 - 30微米）数量在16周时增加。我们推测在3周时观察到的“额外”毛细血管是新小动脉的来源。
