McDonald J T, Margen S
Am J Clin Nutr. 1976 Oct;29(10):1093-103. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/29.10.1093.
There are implications in the literature that wine is different from other alcoholic beverages and that it may even have a beneficial effect on the nutritional process. A metabolic study was undertaken in an attempt to document the effects of wine versus ethanol on absorption of various nutrients. Nitrogen and caloric data are presented here. During each of four 18-day experimental periods, six healthy, young men were given, in random order, a liter per day of the following test beverages: Zinfandel wine (9.3% w/v alcohol); dealcoholized Zinfandel wine; pure ethanol (9.3% w/v aqueous alcohol solution); and deionized water. These beverages were divided into four equal feedings and administered with a carefully controlled isocaloric diet over a 12-hr period. The subjects tended to lose weight on alcohol-containing regimens, suggesting that calories from alcohol may not be as efficient as those from fat and carbohydrate. Urinary excretion of nitrogen was significantly greater during wine and ethanol administration than during feeding of the other test beverages. This was reflected in an increase in uric acid and urea nitrogen output, primarily, the latter, suggesting that alcohol may directly affect protein catabolism. There was no significant difference in fecal nitrogen excretion between experimental periods.
文献中有观点认为葡萄酒与其他酒精饮料不同，甚至可能对营养过程有有益影响。为此进行了一项代谢研究，以记录葡萄酒与乙醇对各种营养素吸收的影响。本文给出了氮和热量数据。在四个为期18天的实验阶段中，每天随机让六名健康的年轻男性饮用以下测试饮料中的一种，每种饮用量为一升：仙粉黛葡萄酒（酒精含量9.3%，重量/体积）；脱醇仙粉黛葡萄酒；纯乙醇（9.3%，重量/体积的酒精水溶液）；以及去离子水。这些饮料被分成四等份，在12小时内与精心控制的等热量饮食一起饮用。在含酒精的饮食方案中，受试者往往会体重减轻，这表明酒精中的热量可能不如脂肪和碳水化合物中的热量有效。饮用葡萄酒和乙醇期间的氮尿排泄量显著高于饮用其他测试饮料期间。这反映在尿酸和尿素氮输出量增加，主要是后者，表明酒精可能直接影响蛋白质分解代谢。各实验阶段之间的粪便氮排泄量没有显著差异。
