Nodine C F, Krupinski E A
Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6086, USA.
Acad Radiol. 1998 Sep;5(9):603-12. doi: 10.1016/s1076-6332(98)80295-x.
The goal of this study was to determine if radiologists possess superior visual search and analysis skills compared with those of laypeople.
In two experiments, radiologists and laypeople searched one of two complex pictorial scenes for hidden targets. Eye position was recorded during the search. Two measures of performance were obtained: accuracy of detecting targets as measured by using alternative free response receiver operating characteristic analysis and visual search efficiency as measured by using eye position analysis.
There were no statistically significant differences in detection performance between radiologists and laypeople for either of the search tasks. Radiologists took longer on average to search the images and to first fixate on the targets than did the laypeople. For both groups, true-positive and false-positive decisions were associated with longer dwell times than true-negative decisions. As with radiology search tasks, false-negative decisions were also associated with longer dwell times than true-negative decisions.
Performance on two visual search and detection tasks indicate that radiologists do not possess superior visual skills compared with laypeople. Radiology expertise is more likely to be a combination of specific visual and cognitive skills derived from medical training and experience in detecting and determining the diagnostic importance of radiographic findings.
本研究的目的是确定放射科医生与非专业人员相比是否具备更卓越的视觉搜索和分析技能。
在两项实验中，放射科医生和非专业人员在两个复杂的图片场景中搜索隐藏目标。搜索过程中记录眼睛位置。获得了两项性能指标：使用替代自由反应接收器操作特征分析测量的目标检测准确性，以及使用眼睛位置分析测量的视觉搜索效率。
在两项搜索任务中，放射科医生和非专业人员在检测性能上均无统计学显著差异。放射科医生平均搜索图像和首次注视目标的时间比非专业人员更长。对于两组而言，真阳性和假阳性决策的注视时间比真阴性决策更长。与放射科搜索任务一样，假阴性决策的注视时间也比真阴性决策更长。
两项视觉搜索和检测任务的表现表明，与非专业人员相比，放射科医生不具备更卓越的视觉技能。放射学专业知识更可能是源自医学培训以及检测和确定影像学表现诊断重要性的经验所形成的特定视觉和认知技能的组合。
