Pothier J, Cheav S L, Galand N, Dormeau C, Viel C
Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, UFR de Pharmacie, Tours, France.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;50(8):949-54. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1998.tb04013.x.
Lupin is toxic because of its alkaloid content, sparteine and lupanine in particular. Although the pharmacological properties of sparteine are well known those of lupanine have not been much studied. This paper reports procedures for extraction, purification and crystallization of lupanine, and methods for the preparation of an extract for injection of Lupinus mutabilis Sweet, and for the determination of the acute toxicity and maximum non-lethal dose (DL0) of lupanine, sparteine and lupin extract in the mouse. The three substances were tested on the central nervous system (CNS) for locomotor activity, for interaction with specific drugs used for treatment of the CNS (the stimulant drugs amphetamine and pentetrazol and the depressant drugs pentobarbital and chlorpromazine) and for analgesic activity. The results indicate that lupanine and lupin extract are less toxic than sparteine and that at the doses studied the three products have a weak sedative effect on the CNS.
羽扇豆因其生物碱含量而具有毒性，特别是鹰爪豆碱和羽扇豆碱。虽然鹰爪豆碱的药理特性已广为人知，但羽扇豆碱的药理特性尚未得到充分研究。本文报道了羽扇豆碱的提取、纯化和结晶方法，以及注射用多变小冠花提取物的制备方法，还报道了小鼠体内羽扇豆碱、鹰爪豆碱和羽扇豆提取物的急性毒性和最大非致死剂量（DL0）的测定方法。对这三种物质在中枢神经系统（CNS）上进行了测试，包括运动活性、与用于治疗中枢神经系统的特定药物（兴奋剂药物苯丙胺和戊四氮以及抑制剂药物戊巴比妥和氯丙嗪）的相互作用以及镇痛活性。结果表明，羽扇豆碱和羽扇豆提取物的毒性低于鹰爪豆碱，并且在所研究的剂量下，这三种产品对中枢神经系统具有微弱的镇静作用。
