Sato K, Sato N, Mori M
First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
Life Sci. 1998;63(15):1329-37. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00396-8.
The effects of ethanol on the production of oxygen-derived free radicals by neutrophils are controversial. Osmolarity-mediated alteration of cell volume appears to be an important mechanism for regulating neutrophil activity. We investigated in neutrophils from healthy volunteers the effect of isotonic/hypertonic ethanol on both chemiluminescence amplified by a Cypridina luciferin analog in response to N-formyl-Met-Lue-Phe and cell volume measured with a Coulter counter. Both isotonic and hypertonic ethanol significantly decreased chemiluminescence in a dose-dependent manner. Isotonic ethanol produced a greater magnitude of inhibition than hypertonic ethanol (P<0.01). Another permeable molecule, urea, and hypotonic solution had the same effects on chemiluminescence. Isotonic and hypertonic ethanol caused a prompt cell expansion and shrinking, respectively. On the other hand, isotonic sucrose, an impermeable molecule, was ineffective in both chemiluminescence and cell volume changes. These data suggest that isotonic ethanol inhibits the superoxide anion production by inducing cell expansion probably due to increased intracellular osmotic pressure caused by rapid ethanol permeation through the plasmalemma. This impaired neutrophil function may, in some part, contribute to the susceptibility to infection in alcoholics.
乙醇对中性粒细胞产生氧衍生自由基的影响存在争议。渗透压介导的细胞体积改变似乎是调节中性粒细胞活性的重要机制。我们研究了来自健康志愿者的中性粒细胞中，等渗/高渗乙醇对由海萤荧光素类似物放大的、对N-甲酰-甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸产生反应的化学发光以及用库尔特计数器测量的细胞体积的影响。等渗和高渗乙醇均以剂量依赖方式显著降低化学发光。等渗乙醇产生的抑制程度大于高渗乙醇（P<0.01）。另一种可渗透分子尿素和低渗溶液对化学发光有相同影响。等渗和高渗乙醇分别导致细胞迅速膨胀和收缩。另一方面，等渗蔗糖这种不可渗透分子，对化学发光和细胞体积变化均无作用。这些数据表明，等渗乙醇可能通过诱导细胞膨胀抑制超氧阴离子的产生，这可能是由于乙醇通过质膜快速渗透导致细胞内渗透压升高所致。这种受损的中性粒细胞功能可能在一定程度上导致酗酒者易感染。
