Frühbeck G, Jebb S A, Prentice A M
MRC Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK.
Clin Physiol. 1998 Sep;18(5):399-419. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2281.1998.00129.x.
The identification and sequencing of the ob gene and its product, leptin, in late 1994 opened new insights in the study of the mechanisms controlling body weight and led to a surge of research activity. During this time, a considerable body of knowledge regarding leptin's actions has been accumulated and the field continues to expand rapidly. Currently there is particular interest in the interaction of leptin with other peripheral and neural mechanisms to regulate body weight, reproduction and immunological response. In this review, we attempt to place the current state of knowledge about leptin in the broader perspective of physiology, including its structural characteristics, receptors, binding proteins, signalling pathways, regulation of adipose tissue expression and production, secretion patterns, clearance mechanisms and functional effects. In addition, leptin's involvement in the pathophysiology of obesity, anorexia nervosa, diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, cancer, nephropathy, thyroid disease, Cushing's syndrome and growth hormone deficiency will be reviewed.
1994年末，ob基因及其产物瘦素的鉴定与测序为体重控制机制的研究开启了新的视角，并引发了研究热潮。在此期间，关于瘦素作用的大量知识得以积累，该领域仍在迅速扩展。目前，人们尤其关注瘦素与其他外周及神经机制在调节体重、生殖和免疫反应方面的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们试图从更广泛的生理学角度阐述关于瘦素的现有知识状态，包括其结构特征、受体、结合蛋白、信号通路、脂肪组织表达与产生的调节、分泌模式、清除机制以及功能效应。此外，还将综述瘦素在肥胖症、神经性厌食症、糖尿病、多囊卵巢综合征、获得性免疫缺陷综合征、癌症、肾病、甲状腺疾病、库欣综合征和生长激素缺乏症等病理生理学中的作用。
