Youssef R M, Attia M S, Kamel M I
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.
Child Abuse Negl. 1998 Oct;22(10):975-85. doi: 10.1016/s0145-2134(98)00084-2.
This study was undertaken to reveal the prevalence and determinants of corporal punishment in preparatory (middle) and secondary (high) schools in Alexandria.
A cross sectional survey targeting preparatory and secondary school students enrolled in main stream public schools was conducted. The multistage random sample technique was adopted to select a priori estimated sample of this population. They were requested to fill a self administered questionnaire to collect relevant information. Data were analyzed using the univariate and multivariate analyses.
A substantial proportion of boys (79.96%) and girls (61.53%) incurred physical punishment at the hand of their teachers. Teachers were using their hands, sticks, straps, shoes, and kicks to inflict such punishment without sparing a part of their students' body. Physical injuries were reported by a significantly higher percentage of boys (chi 2(1) = 12.26, p = .00046) the most common being bumps and contusions followed by wounds and fractures. Moreover, it was only among boys that serious injuries such as loss of consciousness and concussion were encountered. Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that corporal punishment was more likely to be used in preparatory schools and on boys. Such means of punishment were also predicted by students' undesirable behavior as well as their poor achievement in academic tasks.
This study indicates that corporal punishment in school is used extensively to discipline students whose behavior doesn't conform with the desired standard of educational institutions. However, since it is no longer perceived as a method of discipline, other alternatives can be used providing that teachers are equipped with the necessary skills for its application.
本研究旨在揭示亚历山大港预备（初中）和中等（高中）学校体罚的流行情况及其决定因素。
针对主流公立学校的预备和中学生开展了一项横断面调查。采用多阶段随机抽样技术选取该人群的预先估计样本。要求他们填写一份自填式问卷以收集相关信息。使用单变量和多变量分析对数据进行分析。
相当比例的男生（79.96%）和女生（61.53%）遭受过教师的体罚。教师使用手、棍棒、皮带、鞋子和脚踢等方式进行体罚，且不放过学生身体的任何部位。报告身体受伤的男生比例显著更高（卡方检验(1)=12.26，p = 0.00046），最常见的是肿块和瘀伤，其次是伤口和骨折。此外，只有男生中出现过诸如意识丧失和脑震荡等重伤情况。单变量和多变量分析均显示，预备学校和男生更容易遭受体罚。学生的不良行为以及他们在学业任务上的不佳表现也预示着会有这种惩罚方式。
本研究表明，学校中广泛使用体罚来惩戒行为不符合教育机构期望标准的学生。然而，由于体罚不再被视为一种惩戒方法，在教师具备必要应用技能的前提下，可以采用其他替代方法。
