Tesarik J, Greco E, Rienzi L, Ubaldi F, Guido M, Cohen-Bacrie P, Mendoza C
Laboratoire d'Eylau, Paris, France.
Hum Reprod. 1998 Oct;13(1O):2772-81. doi: 10.1093/humrep/13.10.2772.
In-vitro differentiation of spermatogenic cells is a potential approach to the treatment of male sterility due to spermatogenic arrest. This is a pilot study evaluating meiotic, morphogenetic and cytoplasmic maturation of spermatogenic cells from 18 patients with obstructive azoospermia, during in-vitro culture of partly disintegrated testicular biopsy samples in the presence or absence of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH). Meiotic progression was detectable only in the presence of rFSH in culture medium. FSH-dependent condensation, peripheral migration and protrusion of spermatid nuclei, together with FSH-independent flagellar growth, were the main events indicating post-meiotic sperm cell differentiation. rFSH also promoted the progression of spermatid cytoplasmic maturation, reflected by acceleration of acrosomal development. These differentiation events appeared to be mediated by humoral activity of Sertoli cells, without the need for a direct Sertoli-sperm cell contact. These findings provide a background for similar studies in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. If reproducible in the latter group, transmeiotic in-vitro differentiation of primary spermatocytes may be useful in cases of complete maturation arrest, whereas the development of culture-specific forms may help select viable spermatids in cases of complete spermiogenesis failure.
生精细胞的体外分化是治疗由于生精停滞导致的男性不育症的一种潜在方法。这是一项初步研究，评估了18例梗阻性无精子症患者的生精细胞在存在或不存在重组促卵泡激素（rFSH）的情况下，对部分解离的睾丸活检样本进行体外培养时的减数分裂、形态发生和细胞质成熟情况。只有在培养基中存在rFSH时才能检测到减数分裂进程。FSH依赖的精子细胞核浓缩、外周迁移和突出，以及不依赖FSH的鞭毛生长，是表明减数分裂后精子细胞分化的主要事件。rFSH还促进了精子细胞质成熟的进程，这表现为顶体发育加速。这些分化事件似乎是由支持细胞的体液活性介导的，而无需支持细胞与精子细胞直接接触。这些发现为在非梗阻性无精子症患者中进行类似研究提供了背景。如果在后一组患者中可重复，初级精母细胞的减数分裂后体外分化在完全成熟停滞的情况下可能有用，而培养特异性形式的发展可能有助于在完全精子发生失败的情况下选择有活力的精子细胞。
