Clinical indications and injection technique for the cosmetic use of botulinum A exotoxin.

BACKGROUND

Some wrinkles and unsightly facial expressions are due to overactivity of the underlying facial musculature. Botulinum A exotoxin reversably paralyses selected muscles. Botulinum toxin has been used to correct facial cosmetic concerns.

OBJECTIVES

This paper describes the authors' experience with the cosmetic use of botulinum toxin. The areas that can be treated, the appropriate technique for each area and special considerations such as dose, dilution, and relevant anatomy are discussed.

RESULTS

Our results have been published previously and are referenced in this paper.

CONCLUSIONS

Botulinum toxin is safe and effective in the management of some facial lines and wrinkles. Its use is associated with a high degree of patient and physician satisfaction.