Otero R, Furtado M F, Gonçalves C, Núñez V, García M E, Osorio R G, Romero M, Gutiérrez J M
Facultad de Medicina, Proyecto de Ofidismo, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Toxicon. 1998 Dec;36(12):2021-7. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00089-0.
A comparative study was performed on the pharmacology and biochemistry of venoms from three subspecies of Lachesis muta (L. m. stenophrys, L. m. muta and L. m. rhombeata) from Brazil, Colombia and Costa Rica. All venoms induced lethal, hemorrhagic, edema-forming, myotoxic, coagulant and defibrinating effects, showing also proteolytic and indirect hemolytic activities. The venoms of L. m. stenophrys from Costa Rica and L. m. muta from Cascalheira, Brazil, had the highest lethal and hemorrhagic activities and the venom of L. m. rhombeata showed the highest coagulant activity, whereas no significant differences were observed in myotoxic and edema-forming activities at most of the time intervals studied. In addition, venoms showed similar electrophoretic patterns on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In conclusion, despite quantitative differences in toxic and enzymatic activities, together with subtle variations in electrophoretic patterns, our results indicate that experimental envenomation by these venoms induce a qualitatively similar pathophysiological profile.
对来自巴西、哥伦比亚和哥斯达黎加的三种矛头蝮（Lachesis muta）亚种（L. m. stenophrys、L. m. muta和L. m. rhombeata）的毒液进行了药理学和生物化学的比较研究。所有毒液均具有致死、出血、形成水肿、肌毒性、凝血和去纤维蛋白作用，还表现出蛋白水解和间接溶血活性。来自哥斯达黎加的L. m. stenophrys和来自巴西卡斯卡莱拉的L. m. muta的毒液具有最高的致死和出血活性，而L. m. rhombeata的毒液表现出最高的凝血活性，然而在大多数研究的时间间隔内，肌毒性和形成水肿的活性未观察到显著差异。此外，毒液在SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳上显示出相似的电泳图谱。总之，尽管在毒性和酶活性方面存在定量差异，以及电泳图谱存在细微变化，但我们的结果表明，这些毒液所致的实验性中毒诱导出定性相似的病理生理特征。
