Mujtaba G, Khalid M
Department of Dermatology, Nishtar Medical College, Multan, Pakistan.
Int J Dermatol. 1998 Nov;37(11):843-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00469.x.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in certain areas of Pakistan. This study was carried out to determine the incidence and clinical pattern of the disease in Pakistan.
CL patients presenting in the out-patient clinic of the Department of Dermatology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan from January 1995 to June 1997 were included in the study. The patients were diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory demonstration of the parasite in a Giemsa-stained smear from the lesion. All important clinical details were recorded on specially designed forms.
Three hundred and five patients with 681 lesions were seen during 30 months. All the lesions were of the dry type. Most of the lesions (97%) were present on exposed areas of the body. One hundred and thirty-four (44%) patients had one and 75 (24%) had two lesions. Eight five per cent of the sufferers were less than 30 years of age. The disease was slightly more preponderant in males (60%). Most cases presented during winter.
Lack of wet type lesions may be due to complete absence of Leishmania major in this area. This is in contrast to other areas of Pakistan where both dry and wet types of CL are present.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）在巴基斯坦的某些地区呈地方性流行。开展本研究以确定该病在巴基斯坦的发病率和临床模式。
纳入1995年1月至1997年6月在木尔坦尼什塔尔医院皮肤科门诊就诊的CL患者。患者经临床诊断，并通过病变部位吉姆萨染色涂片镜检发现寄生虫得以确诊。所有重要临床细节均记录在专门设计的表格上。
在30个月期间共诊治305例患者，有681处病损。所有病损均为干性。大部分病损（97%）位于身体暴露部位。134例（44%）患者有一处病损，75例（24%）有两处病损。85%的患者年龄小于30岁。该病在男性中略为多见（60%）。多数病例在冬季出现。
缺乏湿性病损可能是由于该地区完全没有硕大利什曼原虫。这与巴基斯坦其他同时存在干性和湿性CL的地区形成对比。
