Mroczek D K, Kolarz C M
Fordham University, Department of Psychology, Bronx, New York 10458-5198, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Nov;75(5):1333-49. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.5.1333.
The effect of age on happiness, as defined by positive and negative affect, was examined in a survey of 2,727 persons of a broad age range (25-74) conducted by the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Successful Midlife Development. The age-affect association was examined, controlling for a host of sociodemographic, personality, and contextual influences. Among women, age was related to positive affect nonlinearly but was unrelated to negative affect. Among men, age interacted with 2 key variables in predicting affect: extraversion and marital status. These findings lend support to recent life span theories of emotion and indicate that personality, contextual, and sociodemographic variables, as well as their interactions, are all needed to fully understand the age-affect relationship.
麦克阿瑟基金会成功中年发展研究网络对2727名年龄跨度较大（25 - 74岁）的人进行了一项调查，研究年龄对由积极和消极情绪所定义的幸福感的影响。研究了年龄与情绪的关联，并控制了一系列社会人口统计学、人格和环境因素的影响。在女性中，年龄与积极情绪呈非线性关系，但与消极情绪无关。在男性中，年龄在预测情绪时与两个关键变量相互作用：外向性和婚姻状况。这些发现为最近的情绪寿命理论提供了支持，并表明需要人格、环境和社会人口统计学变量及其相互作用，才能全面理解年龄与情绪的关系。
