Laden F, Neas L M, Spiegelman D, Hankinson S E, Willett W C, Ireland K, Wolff M S, Hunter D J
Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1999 Jan;107(1):75-81. doi: 10.1289/ehp.9910775.
We evaluated predictors of plasma concentrations of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a group of 240 women, controls from a breast cancer case-control study nested in the Nurses' Health Study. We considered personal attributes such as age, serum cholesterol, region of residence, adiposity, lactation, and dietary intake. DDE levels increased 0.17 ppb/year of age (p = 0.0003), and PCBs increased 0.08 ppb (p = 0.0001). DDE and PCBs increased 0.20 (p = 0.02) and 0.13 ppb (p = 0.001), respectively, per 10 mg/dl serum cholesterol. Women living in the western United States had higher levels of DDE (mean = 11.0 ppb; p = 0.003), and women in the Northeast and Midwest had higher levels of PCBs (mean = 5.6 ppb; p = 0.0002) as compared to women from other parts of the country (mean DDE = 6.3; mean PCBs = 4. 5 ppb). Levels of DDE could not be predicted from consumption of meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, and grains. There was a positive association between fish consumption and PCB concentrations among women in the Northeast and Midwest. Using data from the cases in the nested case-control study to assess the predictive ability of the models, we confirmed that the most reliable predictors of DDE were age and serum cholesterol, and the most important predictors of PCBs were age, serum cholesterol, and residence in the Midwest or Northeast. The null results for the majority of the food variables suggest that specific dietary factors, other than fish, are not currently a substantial contributor to human exposure to DDE and PCBs.
我们在一组240名女性中评估了二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE，二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDT）的一种代谢产物）和多氯联苯（PCBs）血浆浓度的预测因素，这些女性是嵌套于护士健康研究中的一项乳腺癌病例对照研究的对照。我们考虑了个人属性，如年龄、血清胆固醇、居住地区、肥胖程度、哺乳情况和饮食摄入。DDE水平随年龄每年增加0.17 ppb（p = 0.0003），PCBs水平增加0.08 ppb（p = 0.0001）。每10 mg/dl血清胆固醇，DDE和PCBs分别增加0.20 ppb（p = 0.02）和0.13 ppb（p = 0.001）。与该国其他地区的女性（平均DDE = 6.3；平均PCBs = 4.5 ppb）相比，居住在美国西部的女性DDE水平更高（平均 = 11.0 ppb；p = 0.003），东北部和中西部的女性PCBs水平更高（平均 = 5.6 ppb；p = 0.0002）。无法通过肉类、鱼类、家禽、乳制品、蔬菜、水果和谷物的摄入量来预测DDE水平。在东北部和中西部的女性中，鱼类消费与PCB浓度之间存在正相关。利用嵌套病例对照研究中病例的数据来评估模型的预测能力，我们证实DDE最可靠的预测因素是年龄和血清胆固醇，PCBs最重要的预测因素是年龄、血清胆固醇以及居住在中西部或东北部。大多数食物变量的阴性结果表明，除鱼类外，特定饮食因素目前并非人类接触DDE和PCBs的主要贡献因素。
