Röcker L, Kirsch K A, Stoboy H
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1976 Dec 6;36(1):57-64. doi: 10.1007/BF00421634.
Plasma volume, hematocrit, intravascular protein concentration, colloid osmotic pressure and the intravascular mass of proteins were measured in 49 sedentary subjects and 40 endurance athletes (long-, middle distance runners, cyclists). The plasma volume in sedentary subjects was 42.7(35.8-51.7) ml/kg body weight (BW) as compared to 54.6(46.7-65.9) ml/kg BW in athletes. The protein concentrations were 71.0 (66.5-77.1) g/l in sedentary subjects and 69.0 (64.8-75.2) g/l in athletes. The respective numbers for the hematocrit were 44.6 (40.1-49.25)% and 42.8 (38.2-49.6)%, for the colloid osmotic pressure 38.0 (36.0-40.5) cm H2O (n=35) and 30.0 (25.0-34.4) cm H2O (n=31), for the intravascular mass of proteins 3.09 (2.45-4.01) g/kg BW and 3.75 (3.31-4.67) g/kg BW. All differences were statistically significant at least on the 5% level. The physiological consequences for athletes of having a lower hematocrit and lower protein concentration but a higher intravascular mass of proteins (+22%) for their waterbalance as well as for their dietary protein intake are discussed. Endurance exercise stimulates mainly the synthesis of albumin and globulins produced by the liver resulting in an expansion of the PV. The protein synthesis of the RES does not seem to respond to exercise stimulus.
对49名久坐不动的受试者和40名耐力运动员（长跑、中长跑运动员、自行车运动员）测量了血浆容量、血细胞比容、血管内蛋白质浓度、胶体渗透压和血管内蛋白质质量。久坐不动的受试者的血浆容量为42.7（35.8 - 51.7）ml/kg体重（BW），而运动员为54.6（46.7 - 65.9）ml/kg BW。久坐不动的受试者的蛋白质浓度为71.0（66.5 - 77.1）g/l，运动员为69.0（64.8 - 75.2）g/l。血细胞比容的相应数值分别为44.6（40.1 - 49.25）%和42.8（38.2 - 49.6）%，胶体渗透压分别为38.0（36.0 - 40.5）cm H₂O（n = 35）和30.0（25.0 - 34.4）cm H₂O（n = 31），血管内蛋白质质量分别为3.09（2.45 - 4.01）g/kg BW和3.75（3.31 - 4.67）g/kg BW。所有差异至少在5%水平上具有统计学意义。讨论了运动员血细胞比容和蛋白质浓度较低但血管内蛋白质质量较高（+22%）对其水平衡以及膳食蛋白质摄入的生理影响。耐力运动主要刺激肝脏产生白蛋白和球蛋白的合成，导致血浆容量增加。网状内皮系统的蛋白质合成似乎对运动刺激没有反应。
