Iwata B A, Bailey J S, Brown K M, Foshee T J, Alpern M
J Appl Behav Anal. 1976;9(4):417-31. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1976.9-417.
Two experiments were conducted on four units of a residential facility for the multiply-handicapped retarded in an attempt to improve daily care and training services. Experiment I compared the effects of two procedures in maintaining the work performance of attendants, using an A-B design on two units. One procedure consisted of implementing specific staff-resident assignments, the other consisted of allowing attendants who had met performance criteria to be eligible for a weekly lottery in which they could win the opportunity to rearrange their days off for the following week. Results showed that the lottery was a more effective procedure as measured by the per cent of time attendants engaged in predefined target behaviors, and by their frequency of task completion in several areas of resident care. Experiment II replicated and extended these results to the area of work quality on two additional units, using a multiple-baseline design. The performance lottery was found to be an effective econimical procedure that could be implemented by supervisory staff on a large scale.
在一所为多重残疾智障人士提供居住服务的机构中的四个单元进行了两项实验，旨在改善日常护理和培训服务。实验一在两个单元采用A - B设计，比较了两种程序对护理人员工作表现的维持效果。一种程序是实施特定的员工 - 居民任务分配，另一种程序是让达到绩效标准的护理人员有资格参加每周一次的抽奖，他们有机会赢得重新安排下周休息日的机会。结果表明，以护理人员参与预定义目标行为的时间百分比以及他们在居民护理几个领域的任务完成频率来衡量，抽奖是一种更有效的程序。实验二在另外两个单元使用多基线设计，将这些结果复制并扩展到工作质量领域。发现绩效抽奖是一种有效且经济的程序，可由监督人员大规模实施。
