Crick N R, Casas J F, Ku H C
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
Dev Psychol. 1999 Mar;35(2):376-85. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.35.2.376.
Recent studies of peer victimization have demonstrated the importance of studying relational as well as physical forms of peer maltreatment for understanding children's social-psychological adjustment problems. Studies in this area have been limited thus far by a focus on school-age children (9-12-year-olds). Given the significance of early identification of children's social difficulties for intervention and prevention efforts, this research was designed to assess relational and physical peer victimization among preschool-age children (3-5-year-olds). Results indicated that boys were significantly more physically victimized than girls whereas girls were more relationally victimized. Both relational and physical victims experienced greater adjustment problems than did their peers. Relational victimization contributed unique information about adjustment beyond that provided by physical victimization.
近期关于同伴侵害的研究表明，研究同伴虐待的关系形式和身体形式对于理解儿童的社会心理适应问题具有重要意义。到目前为止，该领域的研究因专注于学龄儿童（9至12岁）而受到限制。鉴于早期识别儿童社会困难对于干预和预防工作的重要性，本研究旨在评估学龄前儿童（3至5岁）中的关系型和身体型同伴侵害情况。结果表明，男孩遭受身体侵害的程度显著高于女孩，而女孩在关系型侵害方面更为严重。关系型和身体型受害者都比同龄人经历了更多的适应问题。关系型侵害提供了超出身体侵害所提供的关于适应的独特信息。
