Hicks R E, Miller G W, Kinsbourne M
Am J Psychol. 1976 Dec;89(4):719-30.
The subjects, 120 college students, sorted cards for 42 sec with instructions to process 0, 1, or 2 bits of information per card (response uncertainty) and then were asked to make an absolute judgement of the interval's duration. Half of the subjects knew this judgement would be required before the interval (prospective paradigm); half did not (retrospective paradigm). Judged time was an inverse linear function of response uncertainty under the prospective paradigm, whereas no significant function was obtained under the retrospective paradigm.
120名大学生作为实验对象，按照要求以每张卡片处理0、1或2比特信息（反应不确定性）的方式对卡片进行了42秒的分类，然后被要求对间隔的持续时间做出绝对判断。一半的实验对象在间隔开始前就知道需要做出这个判断（前瞻性范式）；另一半则不知道（回顾性范式）。在前瞻性范式下，判断时间是反应不确定性的反线性函数，而在回顾性范式下则未得到显著的函数关系。
