Eastman C I, Martin S K
Psychology Department, Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Ann Med. 1999 Apr;31(2):87-98. doi: 10.3109/07853899908998783.
The circadian rhythms of night shift workers do not usually adjust to their unusual work and sleep schedules, reducing their quality of life and producing potentially dangerous health and safety problems. This paper reviews field studies of simulated night work in which shifted light-dark cycles were constructed with artificial bright or medium-intensity light to produce circadian adaptation, ie the shifting of circadian rhythms to align with night work and day sleep schedules. By using these studies we describe fundamental principles of human circadian rhythms relevant to producing circadian adaptation to night shift work at a level designed for the reader with only a basic knowledge of circadian rhythms. These principles should enable the reader to start designing work/sleep-light/dark schedules for producing circadian adaptation in night shift workers. One specific schedule is presented as an example. Finally, we discuss phase-response curves to light and clarify common misconceptions about the production of circadian rhythm phase shifts.
夜班工作者的昼夜节律通常无法适应其异常的工作和睡眠时间表，这会降低他们的生活质量，并产生潜在的危险健康和安全问题。本文回顾了模拟夜间工作的实地研究，其中通过人工明亮或中等强度的光线构建了改变的明暗周期，以产生昼夜节律适应，即昼夜节律的改变以与夜间工作和白天睡眠时间表保持一致。通过这些研究，我们描述了与在仅具有昼夜节律基本知识水平上对夜班工作产生昼夜节律适应相关的人类昼夜节律基本原理。这些原理应能使读者开始设计工作/睡眠-光照/黑暗时间表，以在夜班工作者中产生昼夜节律适应。给出了一个具体的时间表作为示例。最后，我们讨论了对光的相位响应曲线，并澄清了关于产生昼夜节律相位变化的常见误解。
