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2
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PM10 elemental composition and acute respiratory health effects in European children (PEACE project). Pollution Effects on Asthmatic Children in Europe.欧洲儿童的PM10元素组成与急性呼吸健康影响（PEACE项目）。欧洲对哮喘儿童的污染影响。
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本文引用的文献

1
Effects of ultrafine and fine particles in urban air on peak expiratory flow among children with asthmatic symptoms.城市空气中超细颗粒物和细颗粒物对有哮喘症状儿童呼气峰值流量的影响。
Environ Res. 1997;74(1):24-33. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3750.
2
Chronic respiratory symptoms, skin test results, and lung function as predictors of peak flow variability.慢性呼吸道症状、皮肤试验结果及肺功能作为峰值流量变异性的预测指标。
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Sep;156(3 Pt 1):776-82. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9612090.
3
Air pollution and respiratory health among children with asthmatic or cough symptoms.有哮喘或咳嗽症状儿童的空气污染与呼吸健康
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Aug;156(2 Pt 1):546-52. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.9608044.
4
Medication use modifies the health effects of particulate sulfate air pollution in children with asthma.药物使用会改变哮喘儿童吸入含硫酸盐颗粒物空气污染对健康的影响。
Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Apr;105(4):430-5. doi: 10.1289/ehp.97105430.
5
Air pollution from truck traffic and lung function in children living near motorways.靠近高速公路居住的儿童因卡车交通产生的空气污染与肺功能
Epidemiology. 1997 May;8(3):298-303. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199705000-00012.
6
Respiratory effects are associated with the number of ultrafine particles.呼吸系统影响与超细颗粒的数量有关。
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Apr;155(4):1376-83. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105082.
7
Air pollution involving nitrogen dioxide exposure and wheezing bronchitis in children.空气污染与儿童接触二氧化氮及喘息性支气管炎有关。
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Dec;24(6):1147-53. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.6.1147.
8
Chronic respiratory symptoms in children and adults living along streets with high traffic density.居住在交通流量大的街道沿线的儿童和成人的慢性呼吸道症状。
Occup Environ Med. 1996 Apr;53(4):241-7. doi: 10.1136/oem.53.4.241.
9
Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Report Working Party Standardization of Lung Function Tests, European Community for Steel and Coal. Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society.肺容量与用力通气流量。欧洲煤钢共同体肺功能测试标准化工作小组报告。欧洲呼吸学会官方声明。
Eur Respir J Suppl. 1993 Mar;16:5-40.
10
Effect of ambient winter air pollution on respiratory health of children with chronic respiratory symptoms.冬季环境空气污染对患有慢性呼吸道症状儿童呼吸健康的影响。
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Jan;147(1):118-24. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/147.1.118.

欧洲儿童对空气污染反应的不均匀性（PEACE项目）。

Inhomogeneity in response to air pollution in European children (PEACE project).

作者信息

Roemer W, Clench-Aas J, Englert N, Hoek G, Katsouyanni K, Pekkanen J, Brunekreef B

机构信息

Environmental and Occupational Health Group, Agricultural University Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Occup Environ Med. 1999 Feb;56(2):86-92. doi: 10.1136/oem.56.2.86.

DOI:10.1136/oem.56.2.86
PMID:10448312
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1757699/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The PEACE study is a multicentre panel study of the acute effects of particles with a 50% cut off aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns (PM10), black smoke (BS), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on respiratory health of children with chronic respiratory symptoms. In the complete panels no consistent association between air pollution and respiratory health was found. The study evaluated whether potentially more sensitive subgroups in the panels did show effects of air pollution.

METHODS

To evaluate heterogeneity in response to air pollution, effect estimates of air pollution on peak expiratory flow (PEF) and respiratory symptoms were calculated in subgroups based on presence of chronic respiratory symptoms, use of respiratory medication, atopy, sex, and baseline lung function.

RESULTS

The association between PEF and air pollution was positive in asthmatic children who used respiratory medication whereas the associations tended to be negative in children who did not use respiratory medication selected only on cough. No consistent association was found among asthmatic children who did not use medication. The association between daily prevalence of symptoms and concentrations of air pollution was not different between these subgroups.

CONCLUSION

None of the predefined potentially more sensitive subgroups showed a consistent association between air pollution, PEF, and respiratory symptoms.

摘要

目的

PEACE研究是一项多中心分组研究，旨在探讨空气动力学直径50%截断值为10微米的颗粒物（PM10）、黑烟（BS）、二氧化硫（SO2）和二氧化氮（NO2）对患有慢性呼吸道症状儿童的呼吸道健康的急性影响。在完整的分组中，未发现空气污染与呼吸道健康之间存在一致的关联。该研究评估了分组中可能更敏感的亚组是否确实显示出空气污染的影响。

方法

为评估对空气污染反应的异质性，根据慢性呼吸道症状的存在、呼吸道药物的使用、特应性、性别和基线肺功能，在亚组中计算空气污染对呼气峰值流速（PEF）和呼吸道症状的效应估计值。

结果

在使用呼吸道药物的哮喘儿童中，PEF与空气污染之间的关联为正，而在仅根据咳嗽选择的未使用呼吸道药物的儿童中，这种关联往往为负。在未使用药物的哮喘儿童中未发现一致的关联。这些亚组之间，症状的每日患病率与空气污染浓度之间的关联并无差异。

结论

预先定义的可能更敏感的亚组中，没有一个显示出空气污染、PEF和呼吸道症状之间存在一致的关联。