Kebede D, Alem A
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1999;397:30-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10691.x.
We describe here a prevalence study of alcohol dependence and problem drinking in a representative sample of 10,203 adults in Addis Ababa. At the first stage the study employed a 4-scale screening instrument (CAGE) and at the second stage the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to identify cases of alcohol dependence. Of the total population, 2.7% responded positively to at least 2 of the 4 CAGE items, fulfilling the definition of problem drinking. By use of the CIDI, the weighted lifetime and one-month prevalence of alcohol dependence was 1.0% and 0.8%, respectively. It occurred almost exclusively among men. The prevalence of problem drinking increased with increasing age. The trend was statistically significant (P for trend = 0.03). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant negative trend in the association with educational level, use decreasing with increasing educational attainment (P for trend = 0.0006). There was also a statistically significant 39% increased risk of alcohol use with employment. The association with ethnicity was not statistically significant. Only sex was significantly associated with alcohol dependence. Women had a 84% less risk of becoming dependent compared to men.
我们在此描述一项针对亚的斯亚贝巴10203名成年人的代表性样本进行的酒精依赖和问题饮酒患病率研究。在第一阶段，该研究采用了一种4项筛查工具（CAGE），在第二阶段则使用综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）来确定酒精依赖病例。在总人口中，2.7%的人对CAGE的4个项目中至少2个做出了肯定回答，符合问题饮酒的定义。通过使用CIDI，酒精依赖的加权终生患病率和一个月患病率分别为1.0%和0.8%。酒精依赖几乎只发生在男性中。问题饮酒的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。这种趋势具有统计学意义（趋势P值 = 0.03）。另一方面，与教育水平的关联存在统计学上的显著负趋势，随着教育程度的提高，饮酒率下降（趋势P值 = 0.0006）。就业者饮酒的风险也有统计学上显著的39%的增加。与种族的关联没有统计学意义。只有性别与酒精依赖有显著关联。与男性相比，女性酒精依赖的风险低84%。
