Brown J L
The Sherwin-Williams Company, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA.
Occup Med. 1999 Oct-Dec;14(4):839-48.
Nitrosamines are a large group of chemical compounds that have been found to be carcinogenic in all species of animals tested. They are classified as suspect human carcinogens even though direct causal evidence is lacking. This chapter reviews the nomenclature, chemistry, physical properties, exposure sources, toxicology, epidemiology, analytical methods, risk assessment, and regulatory aspects of various nitrosamine compounds. Occupational exposure to nitrosamines within the rubber industry is discussed in detail. Problems concerning total nitrosamine exposure in humans and the determination of cancer risks are highlighted. Additionally, industrial hygiene exposure control measures and medical surveillance pertaining to nitrosamines are discussed.
亚硝胺是一大类化合物，已发现在所有受试动物物种中具有致癌性。尽管缺乏直接的因果证据，但它们仍被归类为可疑的人类致癌物。本章回顾了各种亚硝胺化合物的命名、化学、物理性质、暴露源、毒理学、流行病学、分析方法、风险评估和监管方面。详细讨论了橡胶行业内职业性接触亚硝胺的情况。强调了有关人类亚硝胺总暴露及癌症风险测定的问题。此外，还讨论了与亚硝胺相关的工业卫生暴露控制措施和医学监测。
