Buxton Bridges C, Katz J M, Seto W H, Chan P K, Tsang D, Ho W, Mak K H, Lim W, Tam J S, Clarke M, Williams S G, Mounts A W, Bresee J S, Conn L A, Rowe T, Hu-Primmer J, Abernathy R A, Lu X, Cox N J, Fukuda K
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Branch, MS A-32, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2000 Jan;181(1):344-8. doi: 10.1086/315213.
The first outbreak of avian influenza A (H5N1) occurred among humans in Hong Kong in 1997. To estimate the risk of person-to-person transmission, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the prevalence of H5N1 antibody among health care workers (HCWs) exposed to H5N1 case-patients with the prevalence among nonexposed HCWs. Information on H5N1 case-patient and poultry exposures and blood samples for H5N1-specific antibody testing were collected. Eight (3.7%) of 217 exposed and 2 (0.7%) of 309 nonexposed HCWs were H5N1 seropositive (P=.01). The difference remained significant after controlling for poultry exposure (P=.01). This study presents the first epidemiologic evidence that H5N1 viruses were transmitted from patients to HCWs. Human-to-human transmission of avian influenza may increase the chances for the emergence of a novel influenza virus with pandemic potential.
1997年，香港首次出现人感染甲型H5N1禽流感疫情。为评估人传人风险，开展了一项回顾性队列研究，比较接触H5N1病例的医护人员与未接触者中H5N1抗体的流行情况。收集了H5N1病例及家禽接触信息以及用于H5N1特异性抗体检测的血样。217名接触者中有8人（3.7%）H5N1血清学检测呈阳性，309名未接触者中有2人（0.7%）呈阳性（P = 0.01）。在控制家禽接触因素后，差异仍具有统计学意义（P = 0.01）。本研究首次提供了H5N1病毒从患者传播给医护人员的流行病学证据。禽流感的人传人可能增加具有大流行潜力的新型流感病毒出现的机会。
