Kendrick P
University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA.
AANA J. 2000 Apr;68(2):115-22.
Stress in the workplace can be extremely detrimental. It has been estimated that stress-related outcomes cost organizations $50 billion to $75 billion per year. These costs are realized in the form of decreased productivity, increased absenteeism, and increased job turnover. Excessive stress in the healthcare professional can lead to burnout. A purpose of the present study was to compare and contrast stress levels between practicing nurse anesthetists and those in training. The study also sought to determine if communication was adversely affected by stress and by the style nurse anesthetists chose in relating to others. Style can be defined as any identifiable pattern of relating to others one follows to reach one's goals. Sixty-six student nurse anesthetists and 15 practicing nurse anesthetists participated in the study for a total of 81 participants. All participants were administered the Occupational Stress Inventory, the Strength Deployment Inventory, and the Interpersonal Communication Inventory. Significant findings included: (1) second-year students experienced the greatest amount of stress, (2) practicing nurse anesthetists have more coping resources than student nurse anesthetists, (3) of the 4 relationship styles available, the altruistic/nurturing and the analytic/autonomizing are the styles of relating to others used most often by student and practicing nurse anesthetists, (4) nurse anesthetists with high stress levels communicated less effectively than nurse anesthetists with low stress levels, and (5) nurse anesthetists communicated less effectively when using the altruistic/nurturing style compared with the analytic/autonomizing style.
职场压力可能极其有害。据估计，与压力相关的后果每年给各组织造成500亿至750亿美元的损失。这些损失以生产力下降、旷工率上升和人员流动率增加的形式体现出来。医护人员承受的过大压力会导致职业倦怠。本研究的一个目的是比较和对比在职护士麻醉师与实习护士麻醉师的压力水平。该研究还试图确定沟通是否会受到压力以及护士麻醉师与他人相处方式的不利影响。相处方式可定义为一个人为实现目标而遵循的与他人相处的任何可识别模式。66名实习护士麻醉师和15名在职护士麻醉师参与了该研究，共有81名参与者。所有参与者都接受了职业压力量表、力量部署量表和人际沟通量表的测试。重要发现包括：（1）二年级学生承受的压力最大；（2）在职护士麻醉师比实习护士麻醉师拥有更多的应对资源；（3）在可用的四种关系模式中，利他/滋养型和分析/自主型是实习护士麻醉师和在职护士麻醉师最常采用的与他人相处模式；（4）压力水平高的护士麻醉师沟通效果不如压力水平低的护士麻醉师；（5）与分析/自主型模式相比，护士麻醉师采用利他/滋养型模式时沟通效果较差。
