Padula P J, Colavecchia S B, Martínez V P, Gonzalez Della Valle M O, Edelstein A, Miguel S D, Russi J, Riquelme J M, Colucci N, Almirón M, Rabinovich R D
Departamento de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, A.N.L.I.S. "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán," 1281 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Aug;38(8):3029-35. doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.8.3029-3035.2000.
Since 1995 when the first case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) was reported in Patagonia, there have been more than 400 cases of HPS reported in five countries in South America. The first case of HPS was associated with Andes (AND) virus. In this study, we report on the genetic diversity, geographical distribution, and serological features of hantavirus infection in six countries in South America based on 87 HPS cases from Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. An early immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG humoral response was observed in almost all HPS cases. The IgM response appears to peak 1 or 2 days after the onset of symptoms. Peak IgG antibody titers occur mostly after the first week. Low IgG titers or the absence of IgG was associated with higher mortality rates. The IgA response peaks around day 15 and then rapidly decreases. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on partial M-fragment G1- and G2-encoding sequences showed that HPS cases from the five countries were infected with viruses related to AND or Laguna Negra (LN) virus. Within AND virus-infected persons, at least five major genetic lineages were found; one lineage was detected in Uruguayan and Argentinean cases from both sides of the Rio de la Plata river. Two Paraguayan patients were infected with a virus different from LN virus. According to the results of phylogenetic analyses, this virus probably belongs to a distinct lineage related more closely to the AND virus than to the LN virus, suggesting that there is probably an Oligoryzomys-borne viral variant circulating in Paraguay. These studies may contribute to a better understanding of hantavirus human infection in South America.
自1995年在巴塔哥尼亚首次报告汉坦病毒肺综合征（HPS）病例以来，南美洲五个国家已报告400多例HPS病例。首例HPS病例与安第斯（AND）病毒有关。在本研究中，我们基于来自阿根廷、玻利维亚、智利、巴拉圭和乌拉圭的87例HPS病例，报告了南美洲六个国家汉坦病毒感染的遗传多样性、地理分布和血清学特征。几乎所有HPS病例均观察到早期免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、IgA和IgG体液反应。IgM反应似乎在症状出现后1或2天达到峰值。IgG抗体滴度峰值大多出现在第一周之后。低IgG滴度或无IgG与较高死亡率相关。IgA反应在第15天左右达到峰值，然后迅速下降。基于部分M片段G1和G2编码序列的系统发育分析结果表明，五个国家的HPS病例感染了与AND或拉古纳内格拉（LN）病毒相关的病毒。在感染AND病毒的人群中，至少发现了五个主要遗传谱系；在拉普拉塔河两岸的乌拉圭和阿根廷病例中检测到一个谱系。两名巴拉圭患者感染了一种不同于LN病毒的病毒。根据系统发育分析结果，这种病毒可能属于一个独特的谱系，与AND病毒的关系比与LN病毒的关系更密切，这表明巴拉圭可能存在一种由稻鼠传播的病毒变体。这些研究可能有助于更好地了解南美洲汉坦病毒的人类感染情况。
