Momsen O H, Roman C M, Mohammed B A, Andersen G
Odense Universitetshospital, Plastikkirurgisk afdeling.
Ugeskr Laeger. 2000 Aug 14;162(33):4391-4.
The amount of sodium bicarbonate necessary to neutralise commercially available lignocaine-epinephrine (pH 4.7) to physiologically neutral pH (7.4) was established. The analysis showed that neutral pH could be accomplished by adding 1.0 ml sodium bicarbonate (8.4 g/l) to 10 ml lignocaine-epinephrine (1%, 5 microgram/ml). Chemical analysis also established that the neutralised lignocaine-epinephrine was stable for 24 hours after adding sodium bicarbonate. A double-blinded randomised clinical trial with crossover design done on volunteers from hospital staff proved that injection of neutralised lignocaine-epinephrine is less painful than commercially available lignocaine-epinephrine (p < 0.001).
确定了将市售利多卡因-肾上腺素（pH 4.7）中和至生理中性pH（7.4）所需的碳酸氢钠量。分析表明，通过向10毫升利多卡因-肾上腺素（1%，5微克/毫升）中加入1.0毫升碳酸氢钠（8.4克/升）可实现中性pH。化学分析还确定，加入碳酸氢钠后，中和后的利多卡因-肾上腺素在24小时内稳定。对医院工作人员志愿者进行的一项采用交叉设计的双盲随机临床试验证明，注射中和后的利多卡因-肾上腺素比市售利多卡因-肾上腺素疼痛程度更低（p < 0.001）。
