Irons B, Lewis M J, Dahl-Regis M, Castillo-Solórzano C, Carrasco P A, de Quadros C A
Division of Vaccines and Immunization, Pan American Health Organization, Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
Am J Public Health. 2000 Oct;90(10):1545-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.90.10.1545.
This report presents the strategies used to eradicate rubella in the Caribbean region and the challenges faced by that effort.
Using the surveillance system for measles cases that was instituted in all countries in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), 12 countries confirmed cases of rubella between 1992 and 1996. Rubella infections occurred in epidemic proportions in 6 countries during that period.
On the basis of the rubella prevalence data, rubella-congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cost-benefit analysis, and cost-effectiveness of the mass campaign, the Council for Human and Social Development of CARICOM resolved, on April 21, 1998, that every effort would be made to eradicate rubella, as well as to prevent the occurrence of new cases of CRS by the end of 2000. Using the Pan American Health Organization's template for measles eradication, CARICOM proposed and implemented the main strategies for rubella and CRS eradication, and rubella mass campaigns were conducted in 18 countries. The target population, which included males and females (aged 20-40 years), was approximately 2.2 million.
The major challenges for rubella eradication are attaining high vaccine coverage in the adult population and maintaining an effective surveillance system able to detect rubella activity.
本报告介绍了加勒比地区根除风疹所采用的策略以及该项工作面临的挑战。
利用加勒比共同体（加共体）所有国家建立的麻疹病例监测系统，12个国家在1992年至1996年期间确诊了风疹病例。在此期间，6个国家的风疹感染呈流行态势。
根据风疹流行率数据、风疹-先天性风疹综合征（CRS）成本效益分析以及大规模疫苗接种运动的成本效益，加共体人类和社会发展理事会于1998年4月21日决定，将尽一切努力根除风疹，并在2000年底前预防新的CRS病例出现。加共体采用泛美卫生组织的麻疹根除模板，提出并实施了根除风疹和CRS的主要策略，在18个国家开展了风疹大规模疫苗接种运动。目标人群包括男性和女性（年龄在20至40岁之间），约为220万。
根除风疹的主要挑战是在成年人群中实现高疫苗接种覆盖率，并维持一个能够检测风疹活动的有效监测系统。
