Siekmann R, Wakhloo A K, Lieber B B, Gounis M J, Divani A A, Hopkins L N
Toshiba Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 Oct;21(9):1722-5.
The rete mirabile in swine has been proposed as an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) model for acute experimental studies through surgical creation of a large carotid-jugular fistula. This report describes two endovascular modifications to simplify the surgical creation and provides hemodynamic parameters for the AVM model.
An AVM model was created in 29 animals to study n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate polymerization kinetics. The common carotid artery (CCA) was punctured and a guiding catheter was inserted tightly into the origin of the ascending pharyngeal artery (APA). The CCA was ligated proximal to the catheter to create a pressure drop across the rete, which represented the AVM nidus. The catheter hub was opened whenever needed and served as the venous drainage of the AVM nidus. The contralateral APA served as the arterial feeder. Instead of the surgical ligation of the CCA, a temporary balloon occlusion was performed in three animals.
A mean pressure gradient of 14.9 +/- 10.5 mm Hg (range, 4-42 mm Hg) was measured across the rete. The mean flow rate was 30.4 +/- 14.2 mL/min (range, 3.5-46 mL/min), as measured at the venous drainage.
The endovascular and combined surgical-endovascular rete AVM model in swine is easy to construct and is less time-consuming than are the currently used models for acute experimental studies. Hemodynamic parameters can be monitored during the entire experiment and correspond to values found in human cerebral AVMs.
猪的奇网已被提议作为一种动静脉畸形（AVM）模型，用于通过手术创建大的颈动静脉瘘进行急性实验研究。本报告描述了两种血管内改良方法，以简化手术创建过程，并提供该AVM模型的血流动力学参数。
在29只动物中创建AVM模型，以研究正丁基2-氰基丙烯酸酯的聚合动力学。穿刺颈总动脉（CCA），并将引导导管紧密插入咽升动脉（APA）的起始处。在导管近端结扎CCA，以在奇网（代表AVM病灶）上产生压力降。根据需要打开导管接头，作为AVM病灶的静脉引流。对侧的APA作为动脉供血源。在三只动物中，未采用手术结扎CCA，而是进行了临时球囊闭塞。
在奇网上测得的平均压力梯度为14.9±10.5 mmHg（范围为4-42 mmHg）。在静脉引流处测得的平均流速为30.4±14.2 mL/min（范围为3.5-46 mL/min）。
猪的血管内及联合手术-血管内奇网AVM模型易于构建，且比目前用于急性实验研究的模型耗时更少。在整个实验过程中均可监测血流动力学参数，且这些参数与人类脑AVM中的值相符。
