Klatt K P, Sherman J A, Sheldon J B
University of Kansas, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2000 Winter;33(4):495-506. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2000.33-495.
This study examined the effects of deprivation on engagement in activities for 3 adult men with developmental disabilities. First, an assessment was conducted to identify a high- and a low-preference activity for each participant. Second, the high-preference activity was made available following three amounts of deprivation of the activity (15 min, 2 hr, and 1 to 4 days); the low-preference activity was made available following the schedule of deprivation that produced the highest level of engagement by each participant in the high-preference activity. The results were that 1 to 4 days of deprivation produced the highest average amounts of engagement in the high-preference activity for each participant; this amount of deprivation did not produce high engagement in the low-preference activities. Third, the deprivation procedures and results were replicated when high-preference activities were presented by teachers during the participants' daily activities when their engagement had been quite low.
本研究考察了剥夺对3名成年发育障碍男性参与活动的影响。首先，进行了一项评估，以确定每位参与者的一项高偏好活动和一项低偏好活动。其次，在对该活动进行三种时长的剥夺（15分钟、2小时以及1至4天）之后，提供高偏好活动；按照能使每位参与者在高偏好活动中产生最高参与度的剥夺时间表，提供低偏好活动。结果是，1至4天的剥夺使每位参与者在高偏好活动中的平均参与量最高；这种剥夺时长并未使在低偏好活动中的参与度提高。第三，当教师在参与者日常活动中参与度很低时呈现高偏好活动时，重复了剥夺程序及结果。
