Heuchan A M, Isaacs D
King George V Hospital, Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 2001 Mar 19;174(6):288-92. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143273.x.
Zoster immunoglobulin (ZIG) should be offered to pregnant, varicella-seronegative women with significant exposure to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (chickenpox) infection. Oral aciclovir prophylaxis should be considered for susceptible pregnant women exposed to VZV who did not receive ZIG or have risk factors for severe disease. Intravenous aciclovir should be given to pregnant women who develop complicated varicella at any stage of pregnancy. Counselling on the risk of congenital varicella syndrome is recommended for pregnant women who develop chickenpox. ZIG should be given to a baby whose mother develops chickenpox up to 7 days before delivery or up to 28 days after delivery. Intravenous aciclovir should be given to babies presenting unwell with chickenpox, whether or not they received ZIG. Breastfeeding of babies infected with or exposed to VZV is encouraged. A mother with chickenpox or zoster does not need to be isolated from her own baby. If siblings at home have chickenpox, a newborn baby should be given ZIG if its mother is seronegative. The newborn baby does not need to be isolated from its siblings with chickenpox, whether or not the baby was given ZIG. After significant nursery exposure to VZV, ZIG should be given to seronegative babies and to all babies born before 28 weeks' gestation.
对于接触水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV，水痘）感染风险较高的孕妇且水痘血清学检测呈阴性者，应给予带状疱疹免疫球蛋白（ZIG）。对于接触VZV但未接受ZIG或有重症风险因素的易感孕妇，应考虑口服阿昔洛韦进行预防。对于在孕期任何阶段发生水痘并发症的孕妇，应给予静脉注射阿昔洛韦治疗。对于发生水痘的孕妇，建议就先天性水痘综合征的风险进行咨询。对于母亲在分娩前7天内或分娩后28天内发生水痘的婴儿，应给予ZIG。对于出现水痘不适症状的婴儿，无论是否接受ZIG，均应给予静脉注射阿昔洛韦治疗。鼓励感染VZV或接触过VZV的婴儿进行母乳喂养。患有水痘或带状疱疹的母亲无需与其自己的婴儿隔离。如果家中的兄弟姐妹患有水痘，若母亲血清学检测呈阴性，则应给新生儿给予ZIG。无论新生儿是否接受ZIG，均无需与患水痘的兄弟姐妹隔离。在托儿所中大量接触VZV后，应给血清学检测呈阴性的婴儿以及所有孕28周前出生的婴儿给予ZIG。
